Study of Spermatogenesis Fetal Testis Exposed Noise Stress During and after Natal Period in Rat

Abstract

Noise stress is dangerous natural contaminant that produces harmful physiological, psychological and morphological outcomes to the body. So this study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of noise stress on the parenchyma of testis. Healthy mature females rats (n = 20) were mated with the mature male rats and then randomly allocated equally either to experimental or control groups. Experimental group has given daily noise stress up to birth their child. In the second step, the child's pregnant rats of experimental group were distributed to three subgroups as follow: group I (without exposure to noise stress), group II (exposure to noise for 8 weeks) and group III (exposure to noise for 14 weeks) for morphometric analysis of their child's testicles by sacrificing of them at weeks 14. In general, the testes of non-exposed group were grown larger than ones in the noise exposed groups. Moreover, the testes of the experimental group 1 were larger than the other experimental groups. Indeed, the rate of atrophic seminiferous tubules and jumbled appearance of the interstitial space were more observed in the noise stress exposed group than non-exposed ones. In addition, seminiferous tubules analysis revealed that the characteristics of interstitial space cells and epithelial germinative cells of the seminiferous tubules in the control group were better than the noise exposed groups. It seems that the noise stress has negative influences on the fertility of male based on enhancing of the apoptotic process induced by pathogenesis stress and suppressing the kinetics spermatogenesis.

Effects of Noise Pollution on Sex Hormone Levels in Rats

“…At the same time, noise pollution can also cause the inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis , which can decrease male gonadal function [9], women estrogen abnormal secretion [10]. Noise pollution makes experimental rat testis and epididymis, seminal vesicle gland weight were significantly lower, and the number of sperm movement ability markedly reduced [11], the main reason is because of the noise pollution promoted the process of cell apoptosis, inhibit the occurrence of the sperm dynamics [12], make sperm and agglutination of sperm death increases [13], the male hormones (testosterone) level significantly lower [9]. When increased serum level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), can cause amenorrhea, decreased sexual function; Luteinizing hormone (LH) is on the high side, and ovarian dysfunction causes the imbalance of estrogen level to affect the development of follicles, which can lead to ovulatory disorders affecting pregnancy.…”

Proximity to major roadways and prospectively-measured time-to-pregnancy and infertility

“…Sperm motility was reduced in relation to particulate matter <2.5 microns (PM 2.5 ) among men presenting for clinical semen analysis or artificial insemination(20). Poor semen quality and DNA fragmentation in sperm has been associated with episodic high air pollution from burning coal in studies in Teplice, Czech Republic, in the mid-1990's(21;22) whereas noise stress in utero and postnatally have also been associated with smaller testes (23) as well as decrements in semen quality(24) in rodents.…”

The possible protective effect of black seed (Nigella Sativa) oil on the testes of adult male albino rat exposed to noise

“…Noise stress is dangerous natural contaminant that produces harmful physiological, psychological and morphological outcomes to the body [1]. It is estimated that more than 600 million people in the world are exposed to extreme noise in their workplace.…”