Study of Spectrum of Benign Thyroid Lesions on Fnac at Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Background: Thyroid lesions are one of the commonly encountered disorders in any hospital. Majority are non neoplastic and malignancy accounts for about 5-10%. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, cost effective, reliable and minimally invasive tool for the evaluation of these lesions and it can differentiate benign from malignancy.
 Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on the thyroid swelling attending the cytology OPD of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) during October, 2016 to October, 2019 a tertiary care hospital. All smears are air dried and stained with Giemsa stain.
 Results: The most common age group affected is 41-50 years of age followed by 31-40 years age group. Females outnumbered males with female to male ratio of 16.9:1. Out of 729 cases, colloid goiter constitute a total of 387 (53%), Hashimto's thyroiditis 318 cases (43.3%), adenomatous goiter (1.2%) and Graves disease contribute 1.1%
 Conclusion: Thyroid Swelling are very common clinical presentation. FNAC is a cost effective, reliable, easy to perform test with commendable sensitivity. It can spare patients to undergo unnecessary surgery. It also helps in differentiating solid from cystic lesions.