Study of ocular manifestations and humoral immune response in eyes of dogs with leishmaniasis

Goulli, Amel Founa El; Zribi, Lilia; Sanhaji, None Rania; Chabchoub, Ahmed; Bouratbine, A.; Gharbi, Mohamed; Abdelmelek, Hafedh

doi:10.1002/vms3.982

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(157 reference statements)

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“…A myriad of ocular lesions secondary to leishmania infection has been described from anterior uveitis periocular alopecia, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca to mention a few. 1,13 Canine and feline ocular lesions secondary to leishmaniosis are possibly corresponding to different pathogenic mechanisms. The presence of granular and diffuse IgG deposits in the ciliary body, ciliary processes, and sclero-corneal limbus has been reported suggesting that some lesions are mediated by immune complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infections are severe and, many times, lead to blindness. 1,13 It is very likely that the lesion this horse presented with is a consequence of a local inflammatory reaction at the inoculation site limbus or bulbar conjunctiva. The effective immune response of the horse to Leishmania spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dogs and cats infected with Leishmania spp., ocular lesions are frequent and complex. A myriad of ocular lesions secondary to leishmania infection has been described from anterior uveitis periocular alopecia, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca to mention a few 1,13 . Canine and feline ocular lesions secondary to leishmaniosis are possibly corresponding to different pathogenic mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inflammatory ocular lesions secondary to Leishmania spp. infections are severe and, many times, lead to blindness 1,13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unilateral keratitis secondary to Leishmania spp. infection in a horse: Clinical signs and successful topical therapy

Matas Riera,

Cardenas Nadal,

Martínez‐Sogues

et al. 2023

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Dermatological clinical signs have been seldom reported in the literature secondary to equine leishmaniasis. This case depicts the clinical signs, treatment, and outcome of a young horse with a pink, elevated lesion on the ventromedial quadrant of the cornea. A corneal cytology was performed and revealed the presence of leishmania amastigotes reaching the diagnosis of keratitis secondary to leishmania. Surgical resection was recommended but the owner declined the procedure, and the lesion was treated with a topical antimonial for 6 weeks. The lesion reduced remarkably during the first weeks of treatment. The patient had not shown recurrence of the lesion for 2 years since the treatment was started. Leishmania spp. can be responsible for ocular surface abnormalities such as keratitis. Corneal cytology is an inexpensive diagnostic method that should be considered when ocular surface abnormalities are identified in horses in endemic areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inflammatory ocular lesions secondary to Leishmania spp. infections are severe and, many times, lead to blindness 1,13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Unilateral keratitis secondary to Leishmania spp. infection in a horse: Clinical signs and successful topical therapy

Matas Riera,

Cardenas Nadal,

Martínez‐Sogues

et al. 2023

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Study of ocular manifestations and humoral immune response in eyes of dogs with leishmaniasis

Goulli

Zribi

Sanhaji

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Ocular manifestations in dogs with leishmaniasis are frequent and complications in affected tissues can lead to blindness. Immune processes play a very important role in the pathogenesis of ocular inflammation. Therefore, the immunology of ocular manifestations in dogs with leishmaniasis remains complex and poorly understood. Objectives Estimation and characterisation of ocular and periocular manifestations in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum and investigation of the production site of specific anti‐Leishmania infantum IgG. Methods The present investigation used 53 confirmed dogs infected with Leishmania infantum, presenting ocular and periocular lesions, and 10 control non‐infected dogs. Complete macroscopic ophthalmic examination of eyelids and globes was performed. Both total and anti‐Leishmania infantum IgG antibodies were studied in sera and aqueous humour (AH) of all dogs by ELISA technique. A Goldmann–Witmer coefficient (C value) was calculated. Results The main ophthalmological findings were keratoconjunctivitis (71.7%; 38/53), hyperplasia of conjunctival lymphoid follicles (54.7%; 29/53), blepharitis (50.9%; 27/53) and uveitis (20.7%; 11/53). Ocular production of anti‐Leishmania infantum IgG was detected in 73.6% (39/53) of infected dogs. There was no correlation between the antibody levels in AH and sera of the same dog. The mean anti‐Leishmania infantum IgG in AH was higher in uveitis, followed by lesions affecting only the adnexa (p < 0.0001). The highest mean C values were observed for uveitis, conjunctivitis and keratitis. Conclusions Our findings suggest that production of anti‐Leishmania IgG in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum with ocular manifestations begin in situ and follows by a transfer of antibodies from the bloodstream to the AH.

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Feline leishmaniosis with focus on ocular manifestation: a case report

Schäfer

Schmidt²,

Grässer³

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background In Europe, feline leishmaniosis is commonly caused by Leishmaniainfantum. There is little knowledge regarding pathogenesis, ocular manifestations and long-term follow-ups in cats with leishmaniosis. Findings A 6-year-old female, spayed European Shorthair cat was imported from Spain to Germany 2 years prior to its first clinical presentation. The cat showed lethargy, weight loss, ulcerative lesions on the front limbs and high-grade chronic uveitis. The diagnosis of L. infantum infection was based on the cytological finding of amastigotes in skin lesions, positive qPCR of EDTA-blood and positive PCR of a cyto-brush sample from the conjunctiva. Supportive findings included positive serology by IFAT, serum protein capillary electrophoresis with peaks in alpha2- and gamma-globulin sections and marked elevation of SAA. Enucleation had to be performed on day 288 on both eyes because of blindness, glaucoma and high-grade uveitis. Histologically, high numbers of Leishmania spp. amastigotes were found in histiocytes. IFAT and PCR were positive in the aqueous humor in both eyes, respectively. Feline leukemia virus antigen and feline immunodeficiency virus antibody testings were positive. Hematological and biochemical results revealed mild leukocytosis with lymphocytosis, monocytosis and eosinopenia as well as marked elevation of SAA and hyperglobulinemia. The cat was treated with allopurinol, responded well and was still alive at follow-up on day 288 after first presentation. However, enucleation was necessary because of refractory glaucoma and uveitis. Conclusion For the first time, ocular evidence of Leishmania IgG antibodies was demonstrated in the aqueous humor of both eyes in cats. There is limited knowledge about the pathogenesis, treatment options and outcomes in cats infected with L. infantum. This case report supports the hypothesis that immunosuppression increases the risk of clinical signs of leishmaniasis in cats. Alpha2- and gamma-globulin peaks in serum protein capillary electrophoresis are supportive criteria for the diagnosis of L. infantum infection. SAA is valuable for monitoring. Regarding ophthalmology, uveitis and glaucoma may have a poor prognosis. Graphical abstract

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Study of ocular manifestations and humoral immune response in eyes of dogs with leishmaniasis

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Unilateral keratitis secondary to Leishmania spp. infection in a horse: Clinical signs and successful topical therapy

Unilateral keratitis secondary to Leishmania spp. infection in a horse: Clinical signs and successful topical therapy

Study of ocular manifestations and humoral immune response in eyes of dogs with leishmaniasis

Feline leishmaniosis with focus on ocular manifestation: a case report

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