Study of oblique whistlers in the low-latitude ionosphere, jointly with the C/NOFS satellite and the World-Wide Lightning Location Network

Jacobson, A. R.; Holzworth, R. H.; Pfaff, R. F.; McCarthy, Michael

doi:10.5194/angeo-29-851-2011

Cited by 21 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Several data-quality thresholds were developed and automatically applied (Jacobson et al, 2016;Jacobson et al, 2018;Jacobson et al, 2014;Jacobson et al, 2011) to reject noisy or otherwise anomalous recordings; readers interested in more detail should consult those prior reports. The specific times of recording were mostly during local darkness but were otherwise random with respect to lightning incidence either near the satellite or globally.…”

Section: Main Data Features For This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details on the lightning-VLF application of VEFI are available elsewhere (Jacobson et al, 2016;Jacobson et al, 2014;Jacobson et al, 2011;Pfaff et al, 2010). The mode used in this study was the "burst recording mode" with 32-kilosamples/s sampling rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our automatic detection algorithm is applied a posteriori on the recorded data, not on board the satellite. Association is established by time coincidence (Jacobson et al, 2011). Each pulse detected by the algorithm has an associated optimal dispersion, that is, optimized for time-compressing the pulse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The algorithm can simultaneously detect different pulse trains with multiple whistler dispersions. These are false coincidences (Jacobson et al, 2011). For the association of a VEFI whistler detection with a located lightning stroke from the World Wide Lighting Location Network (WWLLN; Hutchins et al, 2012;Hutchins et al, 2013) to be useful, we need to have a high probability of true association and a low probability of false association.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each pulse detected by the algorithm has an associated optimal dispersion, that is, optimized for time-compressing the pulse. By choosing narrower VEFI whistler pulses, we can reduce the baseline of false coincidences (Jacobson et al, 2011). Association is established by time coincidence (Jacobson et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐Latitude Whistler‐Wave Spectra and Polarization From VEFI and CINDI Payloads on C/NOFS Satellite

et al. 2020

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The Communication/Navigation Outage Forecast System (C/NOFS) satellite's VEFI payload performed frequent recordings of the vector electric field in the band 0-16 kHz during the epoch 2008-2014. The Vector Electric Field Instrument (VEFI) was supported by ion-composition data from the Coupled Ion Neutral Dynamics Investigation (CINDI) instrument. We focus here on statistics of these "burst-mode" recordings, of which 6,890 (mostly~12-s duration) records meet stringent quality-control criteria, allowing inference of the wave vector k and its orientation relative to the Earth's magnetic field B 0 . The 6,890 records occur between ±13°(geographic) latitude and between~400-and 850-km altitude, mostly in the topside ionosphere. The wave activity is dominated by terrestrial lightning. We analyze the whistler-wave intensity and polarization for each pixel in the time-frequency spectrogram for each record. We then gather weighted statistics on wave polarization, naturally weighted by wave intensity. In this manner we arrive at statistical results that represent the bulk of the energy flow due to whistler waves. Despite rather nonstationary statistics, we can reach three empirical results.a We see no evidence of a low-latitude suppression of whistler-wave activity, in contrast to the predictions of models of transmission through a laminar ionosphere. b The wave vector polar angle is always in the range 40°to 90°from parallel to B 0 . This indicates that the propagation at low latitudes is dominated by oblique, not ducted, whistlers. c At the lowest magnetic latitudes, the wave vector polar angle with respect to B 0 becomes nearly 90°.

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Section: Main Data Features For This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐Latitude Whistler‐Wave Spectra and Polarization From VEFI and CINDI Payloads on C/NOFS Satellite

et al. 2020

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A method to estimate whistler wave vector from polarization using three‐component electric field data

et al. 2014

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Satellites in the Earth's magnetosphere can be used to record the rich electromagnetic wave activity due to terrestrial lightning, typically up to several tens of kilohertz. With simultaneous recordings of the three components of wave electric field E and of the three components of wave magnetic field B, the entire wavefield, polarization, and wave vector can be specified without any appeal to a priori assumptions about the wave mode and without any reliance on the validity of a dispersion relation. However, some satellites lack such a complete suite of measurements. We develop a method which assumes the theoretical dispersion relation for whistler waves then uses recordings of the three components of wave electric field E but no magnetic components to derive the wave polarization and the wave vector (up to a sign ambiguity on the latter). The method can work only because the dispersion relation, which is assumed, already contains information from the full Maxwell's equations. We illustrate the method with 12 s duration simultaneous recordings, at 32 kilosample/s, of three orthogonal components of wave electric field E from the C/NOFS satellite in low-Earth orbit. Our particular example in this article is shown to contain two broadband whistler features in the range of 4-15 kHz, whose wave vectors differ both according to their polar angles from the geomagnetic field B 0 and according to their azimuth around the geomagnetic field B 0 .

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Overview and early results of the Global Lightning and Sprite Measurements mission

et al. 2015

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Global Lightning and Sprite Measurements on Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-GLIMS) isa space mission to conduct the nadir observations of lightning discharges and transient luminous events (TLEs). The main objectives of this mission are to identify the horizontal distribution of TLEs and to solve the occurrence conditions determining the spatial distribution. JEM-GLIMS was successfully launched and started continuous nadir observations in 2012. The global distribution of the detected lightning events shows that most of the events occurred over continental regions in the local summer hemisphere. In some events, strong far-ultraviolet emissions have been simultaneously detected with N 2 1P and 2P emissions by the spectrophotometers, which strongly suggest the occurrence of TLEs. Especially, in some of these events, no significant optical emission was measured by the narrowband filter camera, which suggests the occurrence of elves, not sprites. The VLF receiver also succeeded in detecting lightning whistlers, which show clear falling-tone frequency dispersion. Based on the optical data, the time delay from the detected lightning emission to the whistlers was identified as ∼10 ms, which can be reasonably explained by the wave propagation with the group velocity of whistlers. The VHF interferometer conducted the spaceborne interferometric observations and succeeded in detecting VHF pulses. We observed that the VHF pulses are likely to be excited by the lightning discharge possibly related with in-cloud discharges and measured with the JEM-GLIMS optical instruments. Thus, JEM-GLIMS provides the first full set of optical and electromagnetic data of lightning and TLEs obtained by nadir observations from space.

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Study of oblique whistlers in the low-latitude ionosphere, jointly with the C/NOFS satellite and the World-Wide Lightning Location Network

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Low‐Latitude Whistler‐Wave Spectra and Polarization From VEFI and CINDI Payloads on C/NOFS Satellite

Low‐Latitude Whistler‐Wave Spectra and Polarization From VEFI and CINDI Payloads on C/NOFS Satellite

A method to estimate whistler wave vector from polarization using three‐component electric field data

Overview and early results of the Global Lightning and Sprite Measurements mission

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