Study of MazEF, sam, and phd-doc putative toxin–antitoxin systems in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Behrooz, Sadeghi Kalani; Lotfollahi, Lida; Shivaee, Ali; Moghadampour, Mehdi; Mirzaei, Rasoul; Ohadi, Elnaz; Farid, Biderouni Tahvildar; Irajian, Gholamreza

doi:10.1556/030.65.2018.003

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…TA systems are broadly present in bacterial genomes, and toxin can target various cellular procedures under stress conditions ( 20 ). This process can lead to the prevention of cell growth and shift to a dormant state, which results in responding to stress conditions ( 21 , 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of type II toxin-antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus under thermal and oxidative stress conditions

Karimaei¹,

Kalani²,

Shahrokhi³

et al. 2021

IJM

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Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is a main human pathogen that causes a variety of chronic to persistent infections. Across the diverse factors of pathogenesis in bacteria, Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems can be considered as an antibacterial target due to their involvement in cellular physiology counting stress responses. Here, the expression of TA system genes and ClpP protease was investigated under the thermal and oxidative conditions in S. aureus strains. Materials and Methods: The colony-forming unit (CFU) was used to determine the effects of thermal and oxidative stresses on bacterial survival. Moreover, the expressions of TA system genes in S. aureus strains were evaluated 30 min and 1 h after thermal and oxidative stresses, respectively, by quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: The cell viability was constant across thermal stress while oxidative stress induction showed a significantly decrease in the growth of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain. Based on the qRT-PCR results, the expression of mazF gene increased under both thermal and oxidative stresses in the MRSA strain. Conclusion: A putative TA system (namely immA/irrA) most likely has a role under the stress condition of S. aureus. The MRSA strain responds to stress by shifting the expression level of TA genes that has diverse effects on the survival of the pathogen due to the stress conditions. The TA systems may be introduced as potential targets for antibacterial treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of type II toxin-antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus under thermal and oxidative stress conditions

Karimaei¹,

Kalani²,

Shahrokhi³

et al. 2021

IJM

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“…Comparisons of IBS patients with healthy participant in several lines of literatures have shown that the microbiota differs significantly between groups, which demonstrate the putative role of gut microbiota in IBS [16,17]. Postinfectious IBS; colonic fecal microbiota transplantation; and therapeutic effects of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and non-systemic antimicrobials have also supported the contribution of the gut microbiota to the pathophysiology of IBS [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Identification of an intestinal microbiota signature associated with hospitalized patients with diarrhea

Mohammadzadeh

Kalani

Bolori

et al. 2019

AMicr

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As an important global health challenge, diarrhea kills nearly two million people each year. Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) usually manifests itself as the diarrhea-predominant subtype. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth has been observed more frequently in patients with IBS compared to healthy controls. However, the pathophysiology of IBS is not fully understood, and based on recent evidences, altered gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of IBS. Therefore, we aimed to compare the microbiome in hospitalized patients with diarrhea and healthy individuals. Thirty patients and 10 healthy controls were included into this case–control study. Microbial count was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method using bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Clostridium cluster IV and Bacteroides were significantly more frequent in the patients compared with the healthy individuals (p = 0.02 and 0.023, respectively). However, the quantity of Enterococcus and Bifidobacterium groups were significantly higher in healthy controls than in diarrheal group (p = 0.000076 and 0.001, respectively). The results showed that the number of bacteria in all bacterial groups was significantly different between healthy individuals and diabetic group, whereas the difference between the healthy group and IBS was not significant for Bifidobacterium group. The findings of this study outlined the relationship between diarrhea, IBS, and diabetes disease and bacterial composition. It could be concluded that modifying the bacterial composition by probiotics can be helpful in the control and management of the mentioned disease.

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“…It was proposed that the fitness advantage of most bacteria is due to the costs associated with expression of TA genes. TA systems are abundantly existing in bacterial genomes and under stress conditions, toxin can target diverse cellular processes, such as translation, transcription, replication, and cell wall synthesis [8,21]. This process leading to the inhibition of cell growth, and switch to a dormant state, which cause to responding to stress conditions [22,23].…”

Section: In the Study Of Chan Et Al (2018) Indicate Yefm-yoeb And Relmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Type II Toxin/Antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus under stress condition

Karimaei

Shahrokhi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing chronic to persistent infections. Amongst diverse factors of pathogenesis in bacteria, toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have a potential to be presented as an antibacterial target due to their participation in cell physiology including stress responses. This study was conducted to determine the effects of thermal and oxidative stresses on expression of type II Toxin/Antitoxin systems and ClpP protease in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Materials/methodsExpression of type II TA genes (mazF, relE1, relE2 and immA) and clpP gene in MRSA strain were evaluated following thermal and oxidative stresses by qRT-PCR techniques.ResultsThe cell viability was constant across thermal stress, whereas oxidative stress induction resulted in a significant reduction in the growth of MRSA strain. The result of RT-qPCR revealed that TA genes were expressed in stress conditions and expression of mazF gene increased under both thermal and oxidative stresses in MRSA strain.ConclusionsBased on our results, the MRSA strain responded to stress by altering the expression level of TA genes. In overall, TA system could be an antibacterial target in S. aureus that can revitalize the research on TA systems in this pathogen.

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Study of MazEF, sam, and phd-doc putative toxin–antitoxin systems in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Expression of type II toxin-antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus under thermal and oxidative stress conditions

Expression of type II toxin-antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus under thermal and oxidative stress conditions

Identification of an intestinal microbiota signature associated with hospitalized patients with diarrhea

Expression of Type II Toxin/Antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus under stress condition

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