Study of Ion−Solvent Interactions of Some Alkali Metal Chlorides in Tetrahydrofuran + Water Mixture at Different Temperatures

Abstract

The apparent molar volumes and viscosities of three alkali metal chlorides, namely, lithium chloride, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride, have been determined in a 40 mass % tetrahydrofuran + water mixture at 303, 308, 313, and 318 K. The limiting apparent molar volumes (V φ o ) and slopes (S v *) have been interpreted in terms of ion-solvent and ion-ion interactions, respectively. Structure-making/-breaking capacities of various electrolytes have been inferred from the sign of (d 2 V φ o /dT 2 ), dB/dT, and the B coefficient for all electolytes studied. The viscosity data have been analyzed using the Jones-Dole equation. The results show that the three electrolytes act as structure promoters in this solvent mixture.

Solute–Solvent and Solute–Solute Interactions of Resorcinol in Mixed 1,4-Dioxane–Water Systems at Different Temperatures

“…1,4-dioxane (Merck, India) was kept several days over potassium hydroxide (KOH), refluxed for 24 h, and distilled over lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH 4 ) as described earlier [1]. Resorcinol (A.R.)…”

“…They figure prominently in the highenergy battery technology and have also found application in organic synthesis as manifested from the physicochemical studies in these media [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Volumetric Properties of the Ionic Liquid, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate, in Organic Solvents at T = 298.15K

“…Speed-of-sound measurements in aqueous and nonaqueous electrolyte solutions provide some information about ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions [32]. Based on the speed-of-sound and density values reported in Table 2, the isentropic compressibilities, κ s , (Pa −1 ) were calculated from Laplace-Newton's equation:…”

Study on Solution Properties of Binary Mixtures of Some Industrially Important Solvents with Cyclohexylamine and Cyclohexanone at 298.15 K

“…The chemicals after purification were 99.8 % pure, and their purity was ascertained by GLC and also by comparing experimental values of densities and viscosities with those reported in the literature [2,[10][11][12][13], when available, as presented in Table 1. [1,4,7]. The pycnometer with the test solution was equilibrated in a thermostatic water bath maintained at ±0.01 K of the desired temperature.…”

“…They are also of considerable interest for studying the heteroproximity effects of etheric oxygen on the -O-H bond and, hence, their influence on the associated nature of the species in these molecules. Properties of mixtures are useful for designing many types of transport and process equipment in the chemical industry [4][5][6][7][8].…”