Study of high-strength CFRP bolted joints with failure-monitoring cone washers

Katsumata, Tsukasa; Mizutani, Yoshihiro; Todoroki, Akira; Matsuzaki, Ryosuke

doi:10.1007/s11465-011-0231-1

Cited by 2 publications

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References 2 publications

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“…Katsumata and Todoroki6 investigated the effect of REM alloying elements on inclusion compositions in molten stainless steel and also performed post‐mortem studies of SEN accretion. They found that the accretion mainly consisted of solidified steel, which was assumed to be strongly related to the solidification of the delta ferrite due to the presence of REM oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of effect of glass/silicon powder coatings on clogging behaviour of submerged entry nozzles when using REM alloyed stainless steels

Memarpour

Brabie

Jönsson

2011

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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The internal surfaces of modern submerged entry nozzles (SENs) were coated with a glass/silicon powder layer to prevent SEN graphite oxidation during preheating. The effects of the interaction between the coating layer and the SEN base refractory materials on clogging were studied. The results indicated that penetration of the formed alkaline rich glaze into the alumina/graphite base refractory occurs during preheating. More specifically, the glaze reacts with graphite to form carbon monoxide gas. Thereafter, dissociation of CO at the SEN/molten metal interface takes place. This leads to reoxidation of dissolved rare earth metals, which form 'in situ' rare earth metal oxides at the interface between the SEN and the molten steel. In addition, the interaction of the penetrated glaze with alumina in the SEN base refractory materials leads to the formation of a high viscous alumina rich glaze during the SEN preheating process. This, in turn, creates a very uneven surface at the SEN internal surface. The 'in situ' formation of the rare earth metal oxides together with the uneven internal surface of the SEN may facilitate the accumulation of the primary inclusions on the refractory walls.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%