Study of electromagnetic scattering by rain drops

Cermak, D.; Fišer, Ondřej; Němec, Zdeněk; Schejbal, Vladimír

doi:10.1109/mmet.2004.1397132

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In the case of Rayleigh scattering by raindrops, which applies when the size of raindrops is much smaller than the wavelength (a condition that is well satisfied for frequencies up to 3 GHz), the scattering function is shown in (3). Specifically, this function refers to the scattering properties of raindrops and thus it depends on the drop radius, its shape, the complex permittivity, and the frequency of the transmitted signal [22,23]:…”

Section: Physical Mechanism Of Attenuation Due To Rainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth-to-Earth Microwave Rain Attenuation Measurements: A Survey On the Recent Literature

et al. 2020

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Many works have been conducted relevant to rainfall measurements, while the first relevant ones were based on the power loss estimation function from wireless links located back to the early 1940s. It is notable, though, that this innovative idea conduced to many theoretical models correlating the signal attenuation to the rainfall intensity. This type of parameter strongly contributes to the mechanism of frequency attenuation above 10 GHz. Consequently, in the last twenty years, there has been a significant boost to this research topic. Researchers all around the world have worked thoroughly on the issue of estimating rain with the use of earth-to-earth microwave signal attenuation. Nevertheless, the issue remains intriguing and challenging. This paper presents a literature survey, of the last decade, on this challenging issue focusing on measurements from backhaul cellular microwave links and experimental setups. Research challenges and future trends are also presented.

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Section: Physical Mechanism Of Attenuation Due To Rainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth-to-Earth Microwave Rain Attenuation Measurements: A Survey On the Recent Literature

et al. 2020

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“…Otherwise, it is a 1. Additive noise components 0 n and 1 n are taken in equation (12) and (19), we analysis in rain rate is 50mm/hr and diameter of rain is 10mm. From [15] The result from taking noise with error probability (Pe) at 0.4 and 0.04 was illustrated in figure 2.…”

Section: Modeling Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain Attenuation in Broadband Satellite

Nukfron

Hemmakom

Sitichepak

2007

2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications

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This paper presented the effects of attenuation from rain rate together with rain drop size distribution analysis on the model of transmitter broadband satellite in Ka-band frequency. We illustrated a new model by simulating transmission broadband signal and studied the rain attenuation which has effects to high frequency. The results of the model were represented by the relation between error probability and S/N. Moreover, the numbers of re-transmission cycles for completing the amount of data were also presented. The attenuation would be illustrated in log normal distribution forms and in PDF terms. The simulation would be run by taking error probability (Pe) of noise at 0.4, 0.04, 0.004 and 0.004.

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“…An electromagnetic wave propagating through a region containing raindrops suffer two attenuating mechanisms. Part of its energy is absorbed by raindrops and transformed into heat and another part is scattered in all directions, which may introduce unwanted or interfering signals into the communication receiver that may mask the desired signal [ Medeiros Filho et al , 1986; Crane , 1996; Cermak et al , 2005]. The solution of these scattering problems is mostly obtained for simple raindrop geometry such as sphere [ Medeiros Filho et al , 1986].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solution of these scattering problems is mostly obtained for simple raindrop geometry such as sphere [ Medeiros Filho et al , 1986]. However, this assumption is not obviously true especially for raindrops with higher diameters [ Cermak et al , 2005], which assumes a flattened shape at the bottom and rounded at the top which becomes more pronounced as the rain diameter increases [ Pruppacher and Pitter , 1971]. This makes the raindrops to be model as oblate spheroids with the scattering problem solution being studied by several authors [ Oguchi , 1973; Morrison and Cross , 1974; Uzunoglu et al , 1977].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes the raindrops to be model as oblate spheroids with the scattering problem solution being studied by several authors [ Oguchi , 1973; Morrison and Cross , 1974; Uzunoglu et al , 1977]. Rain consists of drops of various sizes [ Medeiros Filho et al , 1986; Cermak et al , 2005], and therefore the prediction of rain attenuation depends considerably upon the raindrop‐size distribution and the forward scattered electromagnetic wave of the raindrops [ Medeiros Filho et al , 1986; Jiang et al , 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of rain attenuation from electromagnetic scattering by spherical raindrops: Theory and experiment

Odedina

Afullo

2010

Radio Sci.

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[1] The forward scattering amplitudes for the spherical raindrops are determined for all raindrop sizes at different frequencies by using the Mie scattering theory. The real parts of the extinction cross sections are used to generate power law models at different frequencies. These are integrated over different established raindrop-size distribution models to formulate rain attenuation models. Using the developed rain attenuation models with 5 year rain rate statistics at R 0.01 determined in previous work, the specific rain attenuation is computed. The experimental results obtained from the horizontally polarized signal level measurements recorded in Durban for different rain attenuation bounds are compared with the theoretical results. Finally, the best theoretical model is used to estimate the seasonal cumulative distribution of rain attenuation for Durban, South Africa.Citation: Odedina, M. O., and T. J. Afullo (2010), Determination of rain attenuation from electromagnetic scattering by spherical raindrops: Theory and experiment, Radio Sci., 45, RS1003,

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Study of electromagnetic scattering by rain drops

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Earth-to-Earth Microwave Rain Attenuation Measurements: A Survey On the Recent Literature

Earth-to-Earth Microwave Rain Attenuation Measurements: A Survey On the Recent Literature

Rain Attenuation in Broadband Satellite

Determination of rain attenuation from electromagnetic scattering by spherical raindrops: Theory and experiment

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