Study of Cranial Ultrasound Finding in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy in Term Infants and Its Clinical Corelation

Abstract

Introduction: Incidence of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is 2-4 per 1000 live birth in USA, 1.8 per 1000 live births in Sweden, 3.8 per 1000 term live births in Australia. In India the incidence of HIE is 10-15 per 1000 live birth. The survivors from severe HIE develop cerebral palsy and mental handicaps as high as 50%. Concurrent use of cranial ultra sound and clinical staging systems are evolving to predict the prognosis. Objective: To study the cranial ultrasonogrphic finding in HIE Infants and its clinical correlation and prediction of outcome. Method: it is a prospective clinical study of 120 baby suffering from hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Result: Co-relation of initial cranial ultra sonography grading with mortality and sequel showed an increasing trend as the ultrasonography grading increases, with 51.4% mortality in grade –III, 18.5% in grade-II and 15.4% in grade –I. Seqele 48.6% was observed only in grade-III sonographic abnormality. Conclusion: Sonographic grading is more accurate than the clinical staging in predicting recovery, mortality and sequel.

Cranial ultrasound findings in asphyxiated term neonates and their correlation clinically with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy staging

“…Regarding cranial ultrasound findings HIE stage I, 89.7% had normal cranial ultrasound findings were normal, and 10.3% had abnormal findings, among which 2.6% had Cerebral oedema, 5.1% had hydrocephalus and 2.6% had intra ventricular haemorrhage which was similar to the study conducted by Tarana Yasmin et al 12 which showed 82% of babies with stage 1 HIE had normal neurosonogram findings. In our study, 43.3% babies had abnormal Cranial ultrasound findings in HIE stage II, and 70% had abnormal findings in HIE stage 3.…”