Study of alternative building for tsunami evacuation in Kuta Alam sub-district Banda Aceh

Abstract

Kuta Alam Sub District has many potential hazards, especially from the sea. The location of the area that is directly adjacent to the sea causes it to be very vulnerable to tsunami. Its topography is lowland less than 1 meter above the sea-level. Tsunami in 2004 had taken a great number of people lives in the area about 14.95 % of the total number of inhabitants which is 55,030 people that time. However, there is still no any evacuation building available in Kuta Alam to escape from Tsunami. We know tsunami which might be occurred anytime unpredictable. In order to save people’s lives, it is needed to conduct a study to find alternatives buildings to be used for evacuation and rescue in the area. The aim of this study to identify the locations and number of alternative buildings that are potential as the tsunami evacuation building in Kuta Alam Sub-district. The study used the survey system toward the buildings with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data analyzing is conducted spatially through geographic information systems. Based on observation results toward evacuation building in Kuta Alam Sub-district, there are some buildings renovated in order to be functioned as tsunami evacuation buildings. The renovation should be done on roof, school, and ladder evacuation of the mosque that are selected as evacuation buildings. Until today, those buildings have not been renovated to be eligible as evacuation places. The result found that there are 45 public buildings that can be used for alternative evacuation buildings in Kuta Alam Sub-district. That can accommodate 94.06 % of the total number of people this time which is 49,011 people.

Analysis of tsunami disaster mitigation priority on urban area settlement

“…The existence of evacuation buildings (escape buildings) in areas that have a high level of tsunami hazard in Banda Aceh City is not yet available enough. Several public buildings have been recommended as alternative buildings for tsunami evacuation, such as mosques, schools and markets [12].…”

“…It is necessary to have an evacuation area/building/hill in a residential concentration in tsunami hazard areas [41]. Utilization of public buildings is an effective way to be used as a temporary evacuation place [12]. Thus, it can be recommended as a policy that can be taken by government in the Banda Aceh City.…”

“…Therefore, a vertical tsunami evacuation site is needed. The capacity of tsunami evacuation vertical should be sufficient to accommodate the number of people living in tsunami hazard areas [11][12]. Aside from the need for evacuation routes and vertical evacuation sites, a settlement needs a good environment.…”