Analysis of tsunami disaster mitigation priority on urban area settlement

Abstract

Settlement in coastal areas is at risk of a tsunami disaster. In urban areas, the risk of disaster can be greater than the area behind it. This study aims to analyze the priority of tsunami disaster mitigation based on settlements criteria in urban areas. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire given to experts in the field of disaster mitigation. The research variables consisted of occupancy typology, settlement locations, settlement patterns and density, coastal environment, evacuation routes and evacuation sites. Processing and analyzing data using statistical product and service solution software. The results of the regression analysis obtained that the settlement model Y = 3,055 – 0,410 residential typology + 1,119 settlement locations -0,017 settlement patterns + 1,323 settlement density + 0,040 coastal environment + 0,853 evacuation routes + 0,875 evacuation places. A high correlation was obtained on the location criteria and settlement patterns. Based on the mean value, the criteria for vertical evacuation places have the highest value, so can be recommended as a priority for the tsunami mitigation plan in urban settlements.

Mitigation and community preparedness in anticipating tsunami disasters in Muara Batu, Aceh

“…The construction of breakwaters is one of the government’s efforts to protect coastal areas. According Soviana et al ( 2023 ), breakwater and/or embankment can reduce tsunami inundation level and protecting low-lying areas such as on the coast of Bnada Aceh City. In this case, the breakwater building is also used as a protection for the people on the coast when a tsunami disaster occurs.…”

“…Apart from that, evacuation routes also need to be developed to avoid crowding during the evacuation process by paying attention to several parameters such as pedestrian speed, available routes, route width and number of people who need to be evacuated (Koshimura et al 2006 & Wood et al 2016 ). A study conducted by Soviana et al ( 2023 ) in Banda Aceh City showed that the main road of Banda Aceh City consists of six lanes and two lanes, with lane widths capable of accommodating vehicles with a width of no more than 2.5 m. Secondary roads consist of two lanes and two lanes with road widths ranging from 4 m to 5 m.…”