Study of Air-Sea interaction Processes over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal Using Satellite Data

Gautam, N.; Simon, B.; Pandey, P. C.

doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<2947:soasip>2.0.co;2

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In contrast, BoB shows lightning activity in these months. Gautam et al (1995) examined the air-sea interaction over AS and BoB. Their study showed that SSTs are highest over BoB in May-June and lowest in December.…”

Section: Temporal Variation Of Lightning Flash Density Over Land and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Land‐ocean contrasts in lightning activity over the Indian region

Kandalgaonkar

Kulkarni

Tinmaker

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Land-ocean contrasts in the lightning activity over Indian land and two surrounding oceanic regions viz. Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal have been studied. Satellite-based lightning flash data for 5-year (1998-2002) period have been used. The study revealed that lightning activity over Bay of Bengal was three times higher than that over Arabian Sea and 9.3 times lower than that over land. The bimodal distribution is seen over Arabian Sea (peaks in April and November), and land (peaks in May and September). A unimodal distribution is observed over Bay of Bengal with peak in May. The maximum activity over Bay of Bengal occurs more at northern latitudes (28-30°N) compared with Arabian Sea (12-14°N). The land-ocean contrast is dominated by monsoon season. Comparison of lightning activity in the El Nino (2002) and La Nina year (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001) shows that the lightning activity is increased by nearly 18% over the land region and it maybe attributed to in the increase in surface air temperature during the warm phase of El Nino, land sea breeze circulations and difference in the continental and the oceanic convection.

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Section: Temporal Variation Of Lightning Flash Density Over Land and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Land‐ocean contrasts in lightning activity over the Indian region

Kandalgaonkar

Kulkarni

Tinmaker

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The month‐to‐month changes in LHF are due to the differences in the relative contributions of wind speed and air‐sea specific humidity gradient (e.g., Wajsowicz & Schopf, 2001). Using satellite data analysis, Gautam et al (1995) showed that the surface humidity gradient is a dominant factor controlling LHF magnitude over the Arabian Sea and wind speed has greater control over latent heat transfer of the Bay of Bengal. We examined the LHF climatology for four recent decades (1980–2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enhanced LHF loss during winter can be attributed to the increase in humidity gradient and stronger northeast monsoon winds in both basins. The moderately strong dry winter monsoon winds from the land drive humidity gradient across the air‐sea interface, leading to LHF loss from the north Indian Ocean basin (e.g., Ali Khan et al, 1995; Gautam et al, 1995).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent heat flux variability over the tropical Indian Ocean

Mohan,

Ruchith,

Rahul

et al. 2023

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The seasonal evolution and interannual variability of latent heat flux (LHF) over the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) region is examined for the period 1980–2019. The seasonal distribution of LHF is dominated by the winter pattern of each hemisphere in the TIO. Climatologically high LHF is mostly confined to the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal regions in the north Indian Ocean and the zonal belt between 10oS and 25oS in the south Indian Ocean. Warm and cold phases of El‐Niño Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and their co‐occurrence events leave distinct LHF signatures over the TIO. The LHF anomalies during these events are more profound than pure events with enhanced latent heat loss when the La Niña and negative IOD events coincide. The LHF anomalies associated with the wind‐evaporation‐SST feedback is prominent when positive IOD co‐occur with the El‐Niño event. Both the vertical humidity gradient and wind speed changes play substantial roles in driving LHF anomalies during the co‐occurring events of NIOD and La Niña.

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“…Lightning activity and SSTs are lower in December and January over the AS and BoB. Gautam, Simon, and Pandey (1995) have examined air-sea interactions over the AS and BoB. Their study showed that the highest SSTs occurred over the BoB in May to June and the lowest in December.…”

Section: Data and Source Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatology of Lightning Activity over the Indian Seas

2014

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The climatology of lightning activity over the Indian seas (Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB)) has been studied using monthly satellite-based lightning flash count grid (0.5°× 0.5°) data from 1998 to 2007. These data have been used to investigate the annual and seasonal variations in lightning activity over the Indian seas. It was found that annual variations in flash rate density and sea surface temperature (SST) show a bimodal pattern with the first peak occurring in May and the second in October. The correlation coefficients between flash rate density and SSTs are 0.76 and 0.65 for the AS and BoB, respectively. Further, the relationship between flash rate density and a low pressure system (LPS) over the BoB shows that the formation of severe tropical cyclonic storms starts during April with the maximum number of storms forming during August. The performance of monsoon on a seasonal and monthly basis depends on the total number of lows, the formation of a depression in the monsoon trough, and the number of days with an LPS. Secular decreases in the number of lows and monsoon depressions were observed in 2000 , and 2004, results indicate that the peaks in SST during April and September/October over the AS and the BoB may be responsible for advancing the onset of the southwest and northeast monsoon by 30-40 days.RÉSUMÉ [Traduit par la rédaction] Nous avons étudié la climatologie de la foudre dans les mers de l'océan Indien [mer d'Arabie (MA) et golfe du Bengale (GB)] à l'aide des données mensuelles satellitaires sur grille (0,5°× 0,5°) de compte d'éclairs de 1997 à 2007. Nous avons utilisé ces données pour examiner les variations annuelles et saisonnières dans l'activité de la foudre dans les mers de l'océan Indien. Nous avons trouvé que les variations annuelles dans la densité de fréquence des éclairs et dans la température de surface de la mer affichent une configuration bimodale, avec un premier pic se produisant en mai et un second en octobre. Les coefficients de corrélation entre la densité de fréquence des éclairs et la température de surface de la mer sont de 0,76 et 0,65 pour la MA et le GB, respectivement. De plus, la relation entre la densité de fréquence des éclairs et un système de basse pression dans le GB montre que la formation de fortes tempêtes cycloniques débute en avril avec un nombre maximum de tempêtes se formant en août. La performance de la mousson sur une base saisonnière et mensuelle dépend du nombre total de systèmes de basse pression, de la formation d'une dépression dans le creux de mousson et du nombre de jours avec un système de basse pression. Nous avons observé des diminutions séculaires dans le nombre de systèmes de basse pression et de dépressions de la mousson en 2000, 2002 et 2004. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats indiquent que les pics dans la température de surface de la mer en avril et en septembre/octobre dans la MA et le GB peuvent expliquer l'avance de 30 à 40 jours de la mousson du sud-ouest et de la mousson du nord-est.

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Study of Air-Sea interaction Processes over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal Using Satellite Data

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Land‐ocean contrasts in lightning activity over the Indian region

Land‐ocean contrasts in lightning activity over the Indian region

Latent heat flux variability over the tropical Indian Ocean

Climatology of Lightning Activity over the Indian Seas

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