Study of air-core vortical flow structure induced by a plughole vortex

Ahmed, Rayhan; Lim, Hee-Chang

doi:10.1017/jfm.2017.329

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…An important difference between the vortex studies and the OPI is the system dimension. In the case of OPI, the transfer tube and capture port diameters are 50–1000-fold smaller than the dimensions studied in the vortex physics literature . Surface tension forces exert greater effects with these reduced dimensions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In the case of OPI, the transfer tube and capture port diameters are 50−1000-fold smaller than the dimensions studied in the vortex physics literature. 40 Surface tension forces exert greater effects with these reduced dimensions. One consequence of this is a strong vortex or a significant radial swirl of the fluid, which is not readily observed in the OPI as constructed in this paper.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the distance between the entrance to the transfer tube through which the fluid exits and the fluid/air surface above the transfer tube under conditions where the free surface begins to distort and forms a funnel. 40 The shape of this surface and the location and velocity of the flow streams beneath it are determined from a balance of three forces: the surface tension pressure at the air−fluid interface in opposition to the fluid velocityinduced momentum pressure and the viscous shear stress the fluid exerts beneath the surface. The simulations balance these forces in a dynamic fashion to locate the fluid flow streams and determine their direction, velocity, and acceleration and how they affect surface morphology and ultimately determine the critical depth.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A common property described in the vortex literature is the “critical depth”, which, in the case of the OPI, provides the fluid dynamic conditions for optimal performance (see the Critical Condition Section). This is the distance between the entrance to the transfer tube through which the fluid exits and the fluid/air surface above the transfer tube under conditions where the free surface begins to distort and forms a funnel . The shape of this surface and the location and velocity of the flow streams beneath it are determined from a balance of three forces: the surface tension pressure at the air–fluid interface in opposition to the fluid velocity-induced momentum pressure and the viscous shear stress the fluid exerts beneath the surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluid Dynamics of the Open Port Interface for High-Speed Nanoliter Volume Sampling Mass Spectrometry

Liu¹,

Berkel²,

Kovarik³

et al. 2021

Anal. Chem.

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The open port interface (OPI) coupled to an atmospheric pressure ion source is used to capture, dilute, focus, and transport nanoliter volume sample droplets for high-speed mass spectrometric analysis. For typical applications, the system has been optimized to achieve 1 Hz nanoliter volume sample transfer rates while simultaneously diluting the sample >1000-fold to minimize sample matrix-induced ionization suppression. Geometric, flow, and dispensing alterations to the system presented here demonstrate that sample transfer rates for the OPI of at least 15 Hz are possible. The fluid dynamic processes that enable sampling rates of 1 Hz and greater are examined in detail by correlating computational fluid dynamics simulations, analytic calculations, experimental data, photographic footage, and reference to the fluid dynamics literature. The resulting models and experimental results provide the rationale underlying the design and tuning of the system as well as information for developing optimized analytical methods. In combination with acoustic droplet dispensing, referred to as acoustic ejection mass spectrometry (AEMS), this system can be considered to be a special case of flow injection analysis with unique features that control the peak width, symmetry, and segregation of the samples transported in a fluid while simultaneously enabling their mixing and dilution with carrier fluids. In addition, conditions are established to prevent direct contact of the sample with a surface enabling, in combination with a contact-free dispenser like acoustic ejection, a dramatic reduction in sample-to-sample carry-over.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fluid Dynamics of the Open Port Interface for High-Speed Nanoliter Volume Sampling Mass Spectrometry

Liu¹,

Berkel²,

Kovarik³

et al. 2021

Anal. Chem.

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“…In addition, applying the continuum surface stress method, the surface tension effect of water was simulated. 19,20 The continuity equation can be written as…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-objective shape optimization of siphon outlet in pumping station considering two-phase flow

Chen

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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The siphon outlet is widely used in pumping stations due to its reliable and convenient cut-off performance. Long siphoning time or high hydraulic loss caused by the inappropriate design of the siphon outlet can significantly affect the safety of stations. The air compressibility volume-of-fluid (VOF) method is conducted to simulate the two-phase flow in the siphoning formation process at the design points selected by the optimal Latin hypercube design (OLHD), the results of which show good agreement with the experimental data. In this work, the siphoning time and hydraulic loss coefficient are selected as the objective functions, and a multi-objective shape optimization strategy is proposed for the siphon outlet in conjunction with the response surface method (RSM). This optimization strategy can not only reconcile conflicting objective functions but also obtain the effect and interaction of design variables. Sensitivity analysis on the constructed response surface models indicates that among three design variables, the aspect ratio has the greatest effect on the objective functions, the descending angle has the second greatest effect, and the ascending angle has almost no effect. Compared with the original design, the hydraulic loss coefficient and siphoning time of the optimized design are reduced by 2.95% and 26.76%, respectively. A higher vorticity magnitude and more uniform outflow are created in the optimized design, which results in the improvement of hydraulic performance.

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Influence of Liquid Discharge Rate on the Genesis of Bathtub Vortices with Air-Entrained Structures During Draining of a Water Pool Through Multiple Outlets

Mondal,

Kumar

2024

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Study of air-core vortical flow structure induced by a plughole vortex

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Fluid Dynamics of the Open Port Interface for High-Speed Nanoliter Volume Sampling Mass Spectrometry

Fluid Dynamics of the Open Port Interface for High-Speed Nanoliter Volume Sampling Mass Spectrometry

Multi-objective shape optimization of siphon outlet in pumping station considering two-phase flow

Influence of Liquid Discharge Rate on the Genesis of Bathtub Vortices with Air-Entrained Structures During Draining of a Water Pool Through Multiple Outlets

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