Study I: Effects of 0.06% and 0.10% blood alcohol concentration on human postural control

Modig, Fredrik; Patel, Mitesh; Magnusson, Måns; Fransson, Per-Anders

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.10.364

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, one of the common morbidities with premature birth is severe retinopathy, which to various degree may affect vision and in worst case cause blindness if not properly treated (Eckert et al 2012). However, the complex combination of deficits observed with eyes open in this study also has many similarities with those observed under severe alcohol intoxication (Modig et al 2012), i.e., conditions under which the oculomotor functions are compromised (Fransson et al 2010). …”

Section: Elbw and Visionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The same effect was also found in the ELBW subjects, but vision was in these cases not near as effective to reduce the high-frequency activity as found in healthy controls. Similar extensive use of high-frequency activity with eyes open is commonly found among elderly with deficits in mechanoreceptive and proprioceptive sensation in the feet and lower legs from factors such as polyneuropathy (Kristinsdottir et al 2001;Patel et al 2009) or in subjects under severe alcohol intoxication (Modig et al 2012). Hence, more research needs to be done to explain why ELBW subjects show the same pattern, suggesting lack of or poor use of certain sensory information by postural control.…”

Section: Elbw and Visionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Decreased postural control in adolescents born with extremely low birth weight

et al. 2015

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The survival rates of infants born preterm with extremely low birth weight (ELBW ≤ 1000 g) have gradually improved over the last decades. However, these infants risk to sustain long-term disorders related to poor neurodevelopment. The objective was to determine whether adolescents born with ELBW have decreased postural control and stability adaptation. Twenty-nine ELBW subjects performed posturography with eyes open and closed under unperturbed and perturbed standing by repeated calf vibration. Their results were compared with twenty-one age-and gender-matched controls born after full-term pregnancy. The ELBW group had significantly decreased stability compared with controls in anteroposterior direction, both during the easier quiet stance posturography (p = 0.007) and during balance perturbations (p = 0.007). The ELBW group had similar stability decrease in lateral direction during balance perturbations (p = 0.013). Statistically, the stability decreases were similar with eyes closed and open, but proportionally larger with eyes open in both directions. Both groups manifested significant adaptation (p ≤ 0.023) to the balance perturbations in anteroposterior direction, though this adaptation process could not compensate for the general stability deficits caused by ELBW on postural control. Hence, adolescent survivors of ELBW commonly suffer long-term deficits in postural control, manifested as use of substantially more recorded energy on performing stability regulating high-frequency movements and declined stability with closed and open eyes both in anteroposterior and lateral direction. The determined relationship between premature birth and long-term functional deficits advocates that interventions should be developed to provide preventive care in neonatal care units and later on in life.

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Section: Elbw and Visionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Elbw and Visionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Decreased postural control in adolescents born with extremely low birth weight

et al. 2015

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“…Alcohol is considered one of the most common causes of trauma from GLF [29, 30]. The results of our study showed that over 50% of non-geriatric trauma patients due to GLF had toxic blood alcohol level (BAL).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Geriatric Trauma Patients With Cervical Spine Fractures due to Ground Level Fall: Five Years Experience in a Level One Trauma Center

et al. 2013

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BackgroundIt has been found that significantly different clinical outcomes occur in trauma patients with different mechanisms of injury. Ground level falls (GLF) are usually considered “minor trauma” with less injury occurred in general. However, it is not uncommon that geriatric trauma patients sustain cervical spine (C-spine) fractures with other associated injuries due to GLF or less. The aim of this study is to determine the injury patterns and the roles of clinical risk factors in these geriatric trauma patients.MethodsData were reviewed from the institutional trauma registry of our local level 1 trauma center. All patients had sustained C-spine fracture(s). Basic clinical characteristics, the distribution of C-spine fracture(s), and mechanism of injury in geriatric patients (65 years or older) were compared with those less than 65 years old. Furthermore, different clinical variables including age, gender, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), blood alcohol level, and co-existing injuries were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression in geriatric trauma patients due to GLF and internally validated by random bootstrapping technique.ResultsFrom 2006 - 2010, a total of 12,805 trauma patients were included in trauma registry, of which 726 (5.67%) had sustained C-spine fracture(s). Among all C-spine fracture patients, 19.15% (139/726) were geriatric patients. Of these geriatric patients 27.34% (38/139) and 53.96% (75/139) had C1 and C2 fractures compared with 13.63% (80/587) and 21.98% (129/587) in young trauma patients (P < 0.001). Of geriatric trauma patients 13.67% (19/139) and 18.71% (26/139) had C6 and C7 fractures compared with 32.03% (188/587) and 41.40% (243/587) in younger ones separately (P < 0.001). Furthermore, 53.96% (75/139) geriatric patients had sustained C-spine fractures due to GLF with more upper C-spine fractures (C1 and C2). Only 3.2% of those had positive blood alcohol levels compared with 52.9% of younger patients (P < 0.001). In addition, 6.34% of geriatric patients due to GLF had intracranial pathology (ICP) which was one of the most common co-injuries with C-spine fractures. Logistic regression analysis showed the adjusted odds ratios of 1.17 (age) and 91.57 (male) in geriatric GLF patients to predict this co-injury pattern of C-spine fracture and ICP.ConclusionGeriatric patients tend to sustain more upper C-spine fractures than non-geriatric patients regardless of the mechanisms. GLF or less not only can cause isolated C-spines fracture(s) but also lead to other significant injuries with ICP as the most common one in geriatric patients. Advanced age and male are two risk factors that can predict this co-injury pattern. In addition, it seems that alcohol plays no role in the cause of GLF in geriatric trauma patients.

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“…This report is part of a larger study concerning the effects of alcohol on the vestibular, oculo-motor, and postural systems [10,11,[20][21][22]26]. The test subjects were thoroughly examined with vestibular head impulse tests, headshake and positional nystagmus tests, subjective visual horizontal and vertical tests (SVH-V), eye pursuit movements, hearing and visual acuity tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier studies have shown that alcohol intoxication from about 0.07% BAC compromises unperturbed standing balance [23,31], whereas perturbed standing balance can be affected from about 0.06% BAC [20,21,26,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute alcohol intoxication impairs segmental body alignment in upright standing

Hafström

Patel

Modig

et al. 2014

VES

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Balance control when standing upright is a complex process requiring input from several partly independent mechanisms such as coordination, feedback and feedforward control, and adaptation. Acute alcohol intoxication from ethanol is recognized as a major contributor to accidental falls requiring medical care. This study aimed to investigate if intoxication at 0.06 and 0.10% blood alcohol concentration affected body alignment. Mean angular positions of the head, shoulder, hip, and knee were measured with 3D-motion analysis and compared with the ankle position in 25 healthy adults during standing with or without perturbations, and with eyes open or closed. Alcohol intoxication had significant effects on body alignment during perturbed and unperturbed stance, and on adaptation to perturbations. It induced a significantly more posterior alignment of the knees and shoulders, and a tendency for a more posterior and left deviated head alignment in perturbed stance than when sober. The impact of alcohol intoxication was most apparent on the knee alignment, where availability of visual information deteriorated the adaptation to perturbations. Thus, acute alcohol intoxication resulted in inadequate balance control strategies with increased postural rigidity and impaired adaptation to perturbations. These factors probably contribute to the increased risk of falling when intoxicated with alcohol.

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Study I: Effects of 0.06% and 0.10% blood alcohol concentration on human postural control

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Decreased postural control in adolescents born with extremely low birth weight

Decreased postural control in adolescents born with extremely low birth weight

Geriatric Trauma Patients With Cervical Spine Fractures due to Ground Level Fall: Five Years Experience in a Level One Trauma Center

Acute alcohol intoxication impairs segmental body alignment in upright standing

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