Acute alcohol intoxication impairs segmental body alignment in upright standing

Hafström, Anna; Patel, Mitesh; Modig, Fredrik; Magnusson, Måns; Fransson, Per-Anders

doi:10.3233/ves-140513

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(64 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[52][53][54][55] Immediately postuse, individuals in both groups demonstrated a modest performance decrement on a moderately challenging balance task (quiet standing with no vision), and these short-term changes appeared to recover within an hour. The degree of balance impairment (approximately 11% increase in sway with eyes closed from preuse to postuse) found is consistent with prior balance effects of moderate alcohol (eg, 0.05%-0.10% blood alcohol concentration 56 ) and lower-potency THC administration in regular users. 57 These results provide evidence that balance impairment could be a useful marker of recent cannabis use, even in regular users of highly potent products who show tolerance to shortterm cannabis use in other domains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Association of Naturalistic Administration of Cannabis Flower and Concentrates With Intoxication and Impairment

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCEThe rapidly growing legal cannabis market includes new and highly potent products, the effects of which, to our knowledge, have not previously been examined in biobehavioral research studies because of federal restrictions on cannabis research. OBJECTIVE To use federally compatible, observational methods to study high-Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) legal market forms of cannabis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSIn this cohort study with a between-groups design that was conducted in a community and university setting, cannabis flower users and concentrate users were randomly assigned to higher-vs lower-THC products within user groups. Participants completed a baseline and an experimental mobile laboratory assessment that included 3 points: before, immediately after, and 1 hour after ad libitum legal market flower and concentrate use. Of the 133 individuals enrolled and assessed, 55 regular flower cannabis users (41.4%) and 66 regular concentrate cannabis users (49.6%) complied with the study's cannabis use instructions and had complete data across primary outcomes.EXPOSURES Flower users were randomly assigned to use either 16% or 24% THC flower and concentrate users were randomly assigned to use either 70% or 90% THC concentrate that they purchased from a dispensary. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESPrimary outcome measures included plasma cannabinoids, subjective drug intoxication, and neurobehavioral tasks testing attention, memory, inhibitory control, and balance. RESULTS A total of 121 participants completed the study for analysis: 55 flower users (mean [SD] age, 28.8 [8.1] years; 25 women [46%]) and 66 concentrate users (mean [SD] age, 28.3 [10.4] years; 30 women [45%]). Concentrate users compared with flower users exhibited higher plasma THC levels and 11-hydroxyΔ 9 -THC (THC's active metabolite) across all points. After ad libitum cannabis administration, mean plasma THC levels were 0.32 (SE = 0.43) μg/mL in concentrate users (to convert to millimoles per liter, multiply by 3.18) and 0.14 (SE = 0.16) μg/mL in flower users. Most neurobehavioral measures were not altered by short-term cannabis consumption. However, delayed verbal memory (F 1,203 = 32.31; P < .001) and balance function (F 1,203 = 18.88; P < .001) were impaired after use. Differing outcomes for the type of product (flower vs concentrate) or potency within products were not observed. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThis study provides information about the association of pharmacological and neurobehavioral outcomes with legal market cannabis. Short-term use of concentrates was associated with higher levels of THC exposure. Across forms of cannabis and potencies, users' domains of verbal memory and proprioception-focused postural stability were primarily associated with THC administration.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Association of Naturalistic Administration of Cannabis Flower and Concentrates With Intoxication and Impairment

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The goal of this task was to assess finger tapping speed, a validated measure of general motor function that has been used to assess fine motor control and simple motor speed after intoxication (42)(43)(44)(45)(46).…”

Section: Index Finger Tappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Cannabis Concentrate on Motor Control and Speed: Smartphone-Based Mobile Assessment

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The use of cannabis concentrate is dramatically rising and sparking major safety concerns. Cannabis concentrate contains tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) potencies up to 90%, yet there has been little research on motor impairment after concentrate use (commonly referred to as “dabbing”). This study measured postural control and motor speed after the use of high potency concentrates in males and females.Methods: Experienced concentrate users (N = 65, Female: 46%, 17 ± 11 days/month of concentrate use) were assessed for motor performance in a mobile laboratory before, immediately after, and 1 h after ad-libitum cannabis concentrate use. Plasma levels of THC were obtained via venipuncture at each timepoint. We used a remotely deployable motor performance battery to assess arm and leg movement speed, index finger tapping rate, and balance. The sensors on a smart device (iPod Touch) attached to the participant provided quantitative measures of movement.Results: Arm speed slowed immediately after concentrate use and remained impaired after 1 h (p < 0.001), leg speed slowed 1 h after use (p = 0.033), and balance decreased immediately after concentrate use (eyes open: p = 0.017, eyes closed: p = 0.013) but not at 1 h post-use. These effects were not different between sexes and there was no effect of concentrate use on finger tapping speed. Acute changes in THC plasma levels after use of concentrates were minimally correlated with acute changes in balance performance.Conclusions: Use of cannabis concentrates in frequent users impairs movement speed and balance similarly in men and women. The motor impairment is largely uncorrelated with the change in THC plasma levels. These results warrant further refinement of cannabis impairment testing and encourage caution related to use of cannabis concentrates in work and driving settings.

show abstract

“…It is hypothesized that the MC and head movement can be used to predict intoxication. As Hafström, Patel, et al [16] discovered, an increased BAC level significantly affected head position due to decreased visual input. The head is more anterior as visual input is decreased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…There are no known methods of detecting whether an MC rider is intoxicated while riding the MC. Hafström, Patel, et al [16] showed that poor visual input caused by intoxication and disrupted vestibular information cause unreliable posture feedback. The head loses its vertical position and deviates to the left.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Intoxication Using Motorcycle and Head Movements of Riders Wearing Alcohol Intoxication Goggles

Seva

Rosario

Peñafiel

et al. 2023

Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The movement of a motorcycle is one of the critical factors that influences the stability of the ride. It has been established that the gait patterns of drunk and sober people are distinct. However, drunk motorcycle (MC) drivers’ balance has not been investigated as a predictor of intoxication. This paper characterized and used MC and head movements, such as pitch and roll, to predict intoxication while riding. Two separate experiments were conducted to monitor MC and head movement. Male participants were recruited between the ages of 23 and 50 to participate in the study. Participants used alcohol intoxication goggles (AIG) to simulate blood alcohol content (BAC) while driving on a straight path. Placebo goggles were used for control. Results showed that pitch and roll amplitudes of the MC could distinguish drivers wearing placebo and AIGs, as well as the pitch and roll frequency of the head. Deep learning can be used to predict the intoxication of MC riders. The predictive accuracy of the algorithm shows a viable opportunity for the use of movement to monitor drunk riders on the road.

show abstract

Acute alcohol intoxication impairs segmental body alignment in upright standing

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Association of Naturalistic Administration of Cannabis Flower and Concentrates With Intoxication and Impairment

Association of Naturalistic Administration of Cannabis Flower and Concentrates With Intoxication and Impairment

Acute Effects of Cannabis Concentrate on Motor Control and Speed: Smartphone-Based Mobile Assessment

Predicting Intoxication Using Motorcycle and Head Movements of Riders Wearing Alcohol Intoxication Goggles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About