Studies on the transfer and distribution of [14C]polychlorinated biphenyls from maternal to fetal and suckling rats

Takagi, Yasuhiro; Otake, T.; Kataoka, Masayuki; Murata, Yoshio; Aburada, Satoshi; Akasaka, Susumu; Hashimoto, Katsufumi; Uda, Hidenori; Kitaura, Toshiyuki

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(76)90186-1

Cited by 69 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This mixture and dosage is not toxic to dams, does not cause fetal loss, and was selected so that outcomes of the current study could be compared with findings from several other previous studies using a very similar exposure regime (Dickerson et al, 2011a; Reilly et al, 2015; Steinberg et al, 2008; Walker et al, 2014). Although we did not measure body burden, we estimated that each pup is exposed to approximately 2 μg/kg A1221 based on (Takagi et al, 1976). This is within the range of human exposure according to levels found in maternal serum, cord blood and milk fat (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2000; Karmaus et al, 2002; Lackmann, 2002; Law et al, 2005; Longnecker et al, 2005; Matthews and Anderson, 1975; Patterson et al, 2009; Schantz, 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-hit exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls at gestational and juvenile life stages: 2. Sex-specific neuromolecular effects in the brain

Bell

Hart

Gore³

2016

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) during early development have long-lasting, sexually dimorphic consequences on adult brain and behavior. However, few studies have investigated their effects during juvenile development, a time when increases in pubertal hormones influence brain maturation. Here, male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to PCBs (Aroclor 1221, 1 mg/kg/day) or vehicle prenatally, during juvenile development, or both, and their effects on serum hormone concentrations, gene expression, and DNA methylation were assessed in adulthood. Gene expression in male but not female brains was affected by 2-hits of PCBs, a result that paralleled behavioral effects of PCBs. Furthermore, the second hit often changed the effects of a first hit in complex ways. Thus, PCB exposures during critical fetal and juvenile developmental periods result in unique neuromolecular phenotypes, with males most vulnerable to the treatments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-hit exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls at gestational and juvenile life stages: 2. Sex-specific neuromolecular effects in the brain

Bell

Hart

Gore³

2016

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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“…The tissue distribution of PBBs in maternal animals followed a pattern similar to that of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (9,10). Levels of PBBs were highest in those tissues with the highest lipid content such as mammary tissue and adipose tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Takagi et al (10) showed that liver levels of PCBs in the offspring of treated dams were somewhat higher than liver levels in the mothers. This appears to be the case for PBBs as well, at least when the offspring are exposed via the milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PBBs, like PCBs (1O), are accumulated to a much greater extent in mammary tissue of pregnant animals than of lactating animals. Takagi et al (10) " Group 1: pups from mothers fed 50 ppm PBBs in the diet, tissues analyzed on day 21 of gestation; group II: pups 14 days of age born to mothers fed 50 ppm PBBs in the diet but nursed by control dams; group III: pups 14 days of age born to control dams but nursed by dams which were fed 50 ppm PBBs in the diet from day 8 of gestation through day 14 postpartum; group IV: pups 14 days of age born to control dams but nursed by mothers fed 50 ppm PBBs in the diet from day 1 through day 14 postpartum; group V: pups 14 days of age born to and nursed by mothers which received 50 ppm PBBs from day 8 of gestation through day 14 postpartum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of polybrominated biphenyls after dietary exposure in pregnant and lactating rats and their offspring.

Rickert¹,

Dent²,

Cagen³

et al. 1978

Environ Health Perspect

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Female rats were fed PBBs in the diet (50 ppm) from day 8 of gestation to day 21 of gestation, from day 1 postpartum to day 14 postpartum or from day 8 of gestation through day 14 postpartum. Levels of PBBs were measured in various tissues. Small concentrations of PBBs (<5 ,g/g) were found in the brain, heart, lung, liver, small intestine, placenta, and gravid uterus. Larger concentrations (<30 ,tg/g) were found in kidneys, the nongravid uterus, skin, mammary tissue, and fat. Lactation did not significantly alter the concentrations of PBBs found in tissues other than mammary tissue.Offspring were subjected to several exposure regimens by cross-fostering. Concentrations of PBBs in the neonatal livers were higher than in the adults nursing them. Transfer of PBBs via the milk appears to be much more important to appearance of PBBs in newborns than does placental transfer.

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“…Lactating rats with litters of 12 pups were administered 50 mg/kg/day of Aroclor 1254, i.p., on days 6 to 9 postpartum. Polychlorinated biphenyls are well known to be secreted into milk (Takagi, 1976;Polishuk, 1977) and, thus, lactational exposure of the neonatal rats was probably appreciable. As a marker of enzyme induction in neonatal liver, benzamphetamine demethylase was measured in the hepatic microsomes of neonates and was found to be increased 2.8-fold by lactational exposure to Aroclor (data not shown).…”

Section: Effects Of Lactational Exposure To Enzyme Inducers On Dna Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pretreatment with inducers of hepatic mixed function oxidases on DNA repair elicited by various compounds in hepatocytes from adult and neonatal rats

Kornbrust

Dietz

1987

Cell Biol Toxicol

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Studies were conducted to assess the effects of inducers of hepatic mixed function oxidases on DNA repair responses to 13 different genotoxic agents in hepatocytes from adult male mice. Phenobarbital pretreatment increased DNA repair elicited by diethylnitrosamine but had no effect on responses to the other compounds. Pretreatment with p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethane, 3-methyl-cholanthrene or beta-naphthoflavone induced the DNA repair responses to a variety of activation-dependent carcinogens. DNA repair responses to the direct-acting alkylating agents methyl methanesulfonate and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine were not increased by any of the pretreatments, which indicated that the pretreatment-related enhancement of responses to the other compounds was due to induction of their metabolic activation. Taken together, the findings suggest that Aroclor, or other pretreatments, may increase the sensitivity of the hepatocyte DNA repair assay for detecting the genotoxicity of certain compounds; however, the potential benefit may be limited due to specific features of the assay. In contrast, Aroclor pretreatment did not produce any enhancement of in vivo DNA repair elicited by dimethylnitrosamine, diethylnitrosamine, o-aminoazotoluene, 2-acetylaminofluorene, 3-methylcholanthrene or aflatoxin B1, and thus does not appear to be useful for improving the sensitivity of the in vivo/in vitro assay. Whereas the amount of DNA repair produced by dimethylnitrosamine was not increased by classical inducers of liver microsomal enzymes, pretreatment with pyrazole greatly augmented in vitro and in vivo DNA repair responses to dimethylnitrosamine; responses to diethylnitrosamine were increased to a lesser degree by pyrazole pretreatment. The effects of lactational exposure to enzyme inducing agents on DNA repair in neonatal hepatocytes was also investigated.

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Studies on the transfer and distribution of [14C]polychlorinated biphenyls from maternal to fetal and suckling rats

Cited by 69 publications

References 7 publications

Two-hit exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls at gestational and juvenile life stages: 2. Sex-specific neuromolecular effects in the brain

Two-hit exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls at gestational and juvenile life stages: 2. Sex-specific neuromolecular effects in the brain

Distribution of polybrominated biphenyls after dietary exposure in pregnant and lactating rats and their offspring.

Effects of pretreatment with inducers of hepatic mixed function oxidases on DNA repair elicited by various compounds in hepatocytes from adult and neonatal rats

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