STUDIES ON THE SERIAL EXTRACTION OF PITUITARY PROTEINS<sup>1</sup>

Ellis, Stanley

doi:10.1210/endo-69-3-554

Cited by 91 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Growth hormone for injection was extracted from bovine pituitary glands by the salt precipitation method of Ellis (1961) and the preparation was assayed for its biological activity (1'4 U/mg) and contamination with prolactin « 5 %) by Dr 1. C. Hart.…”

Section: Growth Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone on Milk Production and Nutrient Uptake by Muscle and Mammary Tissues of Dairy Cows in Mid-lactation

McDowell¹,

Gooden²,

Leenanuruksa³

et al. 1987

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Responses to exogenous growth hormone were measured in lactating dairy cows surgically prepared to allow measurement of nutrient exchanges across mammary and hind-limb muscle tissues. Cows were injected daily with either saline or growth hormone, at a dose of 0·1 mg/kg liveweight, over periods of 6 days.During administration of growth hormone milk yield, milk fat content and yields of milk fat protein and lactose increased. Arterial plasma concentrations of glucose and non-esterified fatty acids were increased, uptake of glucose by leg muscle tissue decreased, lactate release from leg muscle tended to increase, mammary uptake of non-esterified fatty acids increased, blood flow to leg muscle tended to increase and blood flow to mammary tissue increased during injection of growth hormone.The results show that growth hormone affects supply to and utilization of key nutrients by tissues, resulting in the supply to the mammary gland of additional precursors for milk synthesis.

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Section: Growth Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone on Milk Production and Nutrient Uptake by Muscle and Mammary Tissues of Dairy Cows in Mid-lactation

McDowell¹,

Gooden²,

Leenanuruksa³

et al. 1987

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…The preparation of bGH used in the experiment was extracted from bovine pituitary glands using the procedure described by Ellis (1961). This preparation (lCH/bGH/9) had a biological activity of 1·690 U/mg as assessed in the bioassay based on growth of hypophysectomized rats.…”

Section: Growth Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pituitary-derived Bovine Growth Hormone on Production Parameters and Biokinetics of Key Metabolites in Lactating Dairy Cows at Peak and Mid-lactation

McDowell¹,

Hart²,

Ja³

et al. 1987

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Changes in production parameters and metabolite biokinetics induced by treatment with pituitary-derived bovine growth hormone (bGH) were monitored at peak (c. 40 days) and mid-lactation (c. 130 days) in dairy cows.During treatment with bGH milk production increased by 6 and 14% at peak and mid-lactation respectively. At peak lactation the content of milk fat tended to increase, whereas milk protein tended to decrease and milk lactose decreased significantly. Yield of milk fat increased, but there was no change in the yield of milk protein and lactose. The content of milk fat tended to increase at mid-lactation. Milk protein decreased and there was no change in milk lactose. Yields of milk fat and lactose but not protein increased. Growth hormone exerted metabolic effects which differed with stage of lactation. At peak lactation plasma glucose concentration and its irreversible loss increased, plasma urea and acetate were unchanged and their irreversible losses tended to increase. No change was measured for plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and the irreversible loss of NEF A decreased. At mid-lactation plasma concentrations of glucose and NEF A were increased, plasma urea decreased and acetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate tended to increase. Irreversible losses of NEFA increased, urea tended to decrease and acetate and glucose remained essentially constant.The results show that exogenous pituitary bGH exerts metabolic effects which result in the supply of increased nutrients to support milk synthesis. The metabolic effects differ with the stage of lactation, reflecting differences in physiological andlor nutritional state.

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“…The procedure of serial extractions of the pituitary gland (Ellis, 1961) was very useful as the initial step for the fractionation of gonadotrophins, GH and prolactin. The first step of gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 separated out a large amount of contaminating proteins and permitted better fractionation by subsequent ion-exchange chromatography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of turkey prolactin

Cheng¹,

Etches²

1981

Reproduction

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Summary. Prolactin from frozen turkey pituitary glands was purified by alkaline ethanol extraction of the pituitary residue after pre-extractions of the gonadotrophins and GH, followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and DEAE\p=m-\cellulosecolumn chromatography at different pH. A specific radioligand\p=m-\receptorassay for ovine prolactin was used to locate the activity in eluates after column chromatography and gel filtration. The potency of the highly purified turkey prolactin was characterized by a radioligand\p=m-\receptorassay to be 3\m=.\40 i.u./mg and by a heterologous radioimmunoassay to be 35 i.u./mg as compared to purified ovine prolactin as standard. The yield of turkey prolactin was 3 mg/100 g frozen pituitary glands. The purified turkey prolactin consisted of three protein bands upon polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the molecular weight was estimated to be 22 000 by SDS\p=m-\polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis. Turkey prolactin was rich in aspartic acid, glutamic acid and leucine, but lacking in methionine.

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STUDIES ON THE SERIAL EXTRACTION OF PITUITARY PROTEINS¹

Cited by 91 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone on Milk Production and Nutrient Uptake by Muscle and Mammary Tissues of Dairy Cows in Mid-lactation

Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone on Milk Production and Nutrient Uptake by Muscle and Mammary Tissues of Dairy Cows in Mid-lactation

Effects of Pituitary-derived Bovine Growth Hormone on Production Parameters and Biokinetics of Key Metabolites in Lactating Dairy Cows at Peak and Mid-lactation

Isolation and characterization of turkey prolactin

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STUDIES ON THE SERIAL EXTRACTION OF PITUITARY PROTEINS1

Cited by 91 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone on Milk Production and Nutrient Uptake by Muscle and Mammary Tissues of Dairy Cows in Mid-lactation

Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone on Milk Production and Nutrient Uptake by Muscle and Mammary Tissues of Dairy Cows in Mid-lactation

Effects of Pituitary-derived Bovine Growth Hormone on Production Parameters and Biokinetics of Key Metabolites in Lactating Dairy Cows at Peak and Mid-lactation

Isolation and characterization of turkey prolactin

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STUDIES ON THE SERIAL EXTRACTION OF PITUITARY PROTEINS¹