Studies on the pigments of some citrus, prune and cucurbit seed oils when processed with or without cottonseed oil

Abstract

Pigments of citrus, prune and cucurbit fruit seed oils were studied spectrophotometrically. The citrus fruits used were: orange (O), mandarin (M), bitter orange (BO) and lemon (L). The prunes used were apricot (A), peach (P) and plum (PL); while melon (M), watermelon (WM) and Winter squash (S) were the cucurbits. Absorption spectra and Lovibond color were studied for crude, refined and bleached oils. Cottonseed oil (CSO) was mixed with some of the previous oils in the crude state, then refined and bleached. Absorption spectra of the crude fruit seed oils revealed carotenoid pigments at 400, 425, 455 and 480 nm, chlorophyll at 610 and 670 nm and unknown pigments at 525, 570 and 595 nm. Refining did not remove these pigments, whereas bleaching eliminated them completely. In oil mixtures of CSO+A, CSO+M and CSO+S, interference occurred between gossypol ‘360 nm’ from CSO and the pigments of A, M and S seed oils. Refining the oil mixtures removed gossypol, but its effect on carotenoids, chlorophyll and unknown pigments was limited. Bleaching completely removed all these residual pigments. Lovibond color for all bleached oils was very low (0.2–2 yellow). The refined oils, except those containing Winter squash seed oil, were found to have an acceptable color (0.8–15 yellow). Results of the proposed process reveals the possibility of mixing crude edible oil with crude fruit seed oils, then processing the oil mixture by the conventional methods of refining and bleaching.

Physicochemical properties, fatty acid and mineral content of some walnuts (Juglans regia L.) types

“…Some fruit seeds such as cherry, apricot, citrus and apple can be used as sources of oils. Some seed oils are already used for several purposes: blending with highly saturated edible oils to provide new oils with modified nutritional values as ingredients in paint and varnish formulations, surface coatings and oleo-chemicals, and as oils for cosmetic purposes [10].…”

Properties of Apricot Kernel and Oils as Fruit Juice Processing Waste

“…Some fruit seeds such as cherry, apricot, citrus and apple can be used as sources of oils. Some seed oils are already used for several purposes: blending with highly saturated edible oils to provide new oils with modified nutritional values as ingredients in paint and varnish formulations, surface coatings and oleo-chemicals, and as oils for cosmetic purposes [5]. Currently, large amounts of fruit seeds are discarded yearly at processing plants.…”

Seydiler Bölgesi (Afyonkarahisar) Diyatomitinin Bitkisel Yağların Ağartılmasında Kullanım Olanaklarının Araştırılması

“…Doğal, kalsine ve flaks kalsine diyatomitin mineralojik özellikleri x-ışını kırınımı (XRD) ve kimyasal bileşimi ise x-ışını fluoresans (XRF) yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. XRD analizi AKÜ Teknoloji Uygulama Araştırma Merkezi (TUAM)'nde Shimadzu (Hermy 1990).…”