Studies on the pathogenicity of anaerobes, especiallyPrevotella bivia, in a rat pyometra model

Mikamo, Hiroshige; Kawazoe, Kyoko; Izumi, Kiyotaka; Watanabe, Kunitomo; Ueno, Kazue; Tamaya, Teruhiko

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-0997(1998)6:2<61::aid-idog6>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Some evidence suggests that presence of Staphylococcus species may encourage anaerobic species to grow, while presence of Prevotella species has been shown to increase the pathogenicity of S. aureus in a rat infection model. 46 , 47 Following 24 hours exposure of the 48 hours B. fragilis biofilm in this model with the iodine‐based dressing, the biofilm was reduced to below detectable levels, showing potent efficacy against this anaerobic strain as well as the aerobic species tested in this study. Treatment with the silver nanocrystalline dressing also showed strong management of the anaerobic biofilm showing comparable efficacy to that seen against the aerobic species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Controlled‐release iodine foam dressings demonstrate broad‐spectrum biofilm management in several in vitro models

Salisbury¹,

Mullin²,

Foulkes³

et al. 2022

International Wound Journal

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Multiple in vitro models were utilised to evaluate the biofilm management capabilities of seven commercially‐available wound dressings, varying in composition and antibacterial ingredients, to reduce common aerobic, anaerobic, and multispecies biofilms. The Center for Disease Control bioreactor was used to evaluate single species Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) 24 and 48 hours biofilms, as well as a multispecies biofilm consisting of these two organisms in addition to Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). As wound biofilms often exist in hypoxic wound environments, a direct contact anaerobic model system was used to evaluate efficacy on Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis). Biofilm control was evaluated against P. aeruginosa in the drip flow bioreactor model, where a constant flow of proteinaceous media is used to create a more challenging and wound‐like model. The results demonstrated that biofilm management capabilities varied amongst wound dressings. Two dressings, a controlled‐release iodine foam dressing and a silver nanocrystalline dressing, showed potent >4 log reductions in recovered organisms compared with untreated controls in all biofilm models evaluated. The effectiveness of other dressings to manage bioburden varied between dressing, test organism, and model system. A silver foam dressing showed moderate biofilm control in some models. However, biofilm exposure to methylene blue and gentian violet‐containing foam dressings showed negligible log reductions in all in vitro biofilm methods examined. The data outlined in this in vitro study support the use of the iodine foam dressing for wounds with infection and biofilm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Controlled‐release iodine foam dressings demonstrate broad‐spectrum biofilm management in several in vitro models

Salisbury¹,

Mullin²,

Foulkes³

et al. 2022

International Wound Journal

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“…In support of cefazolin sensitivity, a similar antibiotic (flomoxef) has exhibited effectiveness against Prevotella bivia in an experimental animal model in Japan. 5 Unfortunately, there was no drug susceptibility test for Prevotella bivia conducted in our case; thus, whether it was susceptible to cefazolin or amoxicillin is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In particular, when Prevotella bivia and Streptococcus agalactiae are co-infectious, they reportedly have a 100% chance of causing infection in a mouse model. 5 Knowledge of other bacterial genera present is important when treating Prevotella bivia infections, since they may alter the pathogenicity of Prevotella bivia . 29 Abscesses occurred in seven of the 19 cases, including our case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the mixed infection by facultative anaerobe pathogen Streptococcus agalactiae is the factor that lowers the tissue oxygen tension and allows for the growth of anaerobic Prevotella bivia after eradication of the Streptococcus agalactiae , which was evidenced. 5 Second, Prevotella bivia strains in Japan may be sensitive to cefazolin and amoxicillin, whereas strains in other countries are resistant. In support of cefazolin sensitivity, a similar antibiotic (flomoxef) has exhibited effectiveness against Prevotella bivia in an experimental animal model in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 , 4 Prevotella bivia is a gram-negative anaerobic bacillus whose virulence is presumably enhanced by low oxygen tension in a polymicrobial environment. 5 Prevotella bivia infections in humans are rare, with only 18 published cases in 44 years. 6–23 Since most Prevotella bivia strains are β-lactamase-positive, 24 clindamycin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, metronidazole, and imipenem are the recommended antibacterial agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scrotal Abscess in a Japanese Patient Caused by Prevotella bivia and Streptococcus agalactiae, Successfully Treated with Cefazolin and Amoxicillin: A Case Report

Watanabe

Norimatsu

Ohno

2021

IMCRJ

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Background: Infections caused by Prevotella bivia, a gram-negative anaerobic bacillus, are rare, with no reported cases in Japan. We present a novel case of scrotal abscess in a Japanese patient co-infected with Prevotella bivia and Streptococcus agalactiae. Case Presentation: A 41-year-old uncontrolled diabetic man complained of swelling and pain in the scrotum. On examination, computed tomography revealed an abscess of 5-cm diameter in the scrotum. Then, the abscess was incised and drained. He was treated with cefazolin empirically. Prevotella bivia and Streptococcus agalactiae were identified in the pus cultures obtained from the abscess. However, the susceptibility tests for Prevotella bivia could not be submitted. Seven days following admission, the pain reduced, and the drainage slowed. The patient was discharged on day 14 when cefazolin was discontinued and oral amoxicillin (750 mg/day) was started. Amoxicillin was continued until day 42; improvement was confirmed. Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first report of Prevotella bivia in Japan. We suggest that cephem antibiotics such as cefazolin may be effective against Prevotella bivia in Japan.

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Genetic mapping of Eutr1, a locus controlling E2-induced pyometritis in the Brown Norway rat, to RNO5

et al. 2005

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In certain rat strains, chronic estrogen administration can lead to pyometritis, an inflammation of the uterus accompanied by infection and the accumulation of intraluminal pus. In this article, we report that the Brown Norway (BN) rat is highly susceptible to pyometritis induced by 17beta-estradiol (E2). The susceptibility of the BN rat to E2-induced pyometritis appears to segregate as a recessive trait in crosses to the resistant August x Copenhagen Irish (ACI) strain. In a (BN x ACI)F(2) population, we find strong evidence for a major genetic determinant of susceptibility to E2-induced pyometritis on rat chromosome 5 (RNO5). Our data are most consistent with a model in which the BN allele of this locus, designated Eutr1 (Estrogen-induced uterine response 1), acts in an incompletely dominant manner to control E2-induced pyometritis. Furthermore, we have confirmed the contribution of Eutr1 to E2-induced uterine pyometritis using an RNO5 congenic rat strain. In addition to Eutr1, we obtained evidence suggestive of linkage for five additional loci on RNO2, 4, 11, 17, and X that control susceptibility to E2-induced pyometritis in the (BN x ACI)F(2) population.

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Studies on the pathogenicity of anaerobes, especiallyPrevotella bivia, in a rat pyometra model

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Controlled‐release iodine foam dressings demonstrate broad‐spectrum biofilm management in several in vitro models

Controlled‐release iodine foam dressings demonstrate broad‐spectrum biofilm management in several in vitro models

Scrotal Abscess in a Japanese Patient Caused by Prevotella bivia and Streptococcus agalactiae, Successfully Treated with Cefazolin and Amoxicillin: A Case Report

Genetic mapping of Eutr1, a locus controlling E2-induced pyometritis in the Brown Norway rat, to RNO5

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