Studies on the Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Enteritis of Turkeys

Jn, Beasley; J, Wisdom

doi:10.2307/1589543

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…3). DISCUSSION Hemorrhagic enteritis is endemic and tends to be subclinical in the eastern United States (1,4). This also appears to be the case in turkey flocks in the Central Valley of California.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolation of this adenovirus requires a Marek's disease virus-induced B-lymphoblastoid cell line of turkey origin (16). It is common to diagnose infection with HEV based on detection of antigen in the spleen or serum antibody with agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) procedures (7) or histologic identification of characteristic nuclear inclusions in the mononuclear phagocytes of the spleen (1,7,9,12). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Age of Flock Seroconversion to Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus and Appearance of Adenoviral Inclusions in the Spleen and Renal Tubule Epithelia of Turkeys

et al. 1992

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A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the temporal relationship between flock seroconversion to hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV) and the appearance of adenoviral inclusions in the spleen and renal tubular epithelium. The study was conducted on samples of turkey poults submitted to the Fresno Branch of the California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System during May to December 1988. The study included 78 submissions (four to eight poults per submission) of ages ranging from 6 to 15 weeks. Sera were tested for antibodies to HEV using the agar gel immunodiffusion test. Spleen and kidney samples were examined by light microscopy for the presence of inclusions in the mononuclear phagocytes of the spleen or in the renal tubular epithelium of the kidney. Logistic regression statistical analysis was used to evaluate the association between the age of the bird and the likelihood of the presence of inclusions in the spleen and kidney, as well as the likelihood of seroconversion to HEV. A significant association (P less than 0.05) was found between the presence of splenic inclusion bodies and the age of the bird. The probability of splenic inclusions was higher in younger birds (6 weeks of age), and decreased as the birds became older, approaching zero at 11 weeks of age. The kidney inclusions were significantly associated with age. The probability of detecting the inclusions increased with age, reached a maximum at 10 weeks, and then declined, approaching zero by 14 weeks. However, the probability of seroconversion to HEV increased significantly with age up to 10 weeks and then remained positive throughout the remainder of the study period.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Age of Flock Seroconversion to Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus and Appearance of Adenoviral Inclusions in the Spleen and Renal Tubule Epithelia of Turkeys

et al. 1992

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“…Exposure of turkeys to HEV produces hemorrhage in the intestine, enteritis, and enlarged and mottled spleens (10,11). Most of the studies of HEV in turkeys have used intravenous (1 1, 17), intramuscular (2) or intraperitoneal (20) inoculation or on samples from cases of natural outbreaks (14 b). In these studies, tissues taken from infected animals were sectioned and stained by routine histological techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus Infection in Turkeys

Hussain

Choi

Rings

et al. 1993

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Summary The pathogenesis of hemorrhagic enteritis was investigated in 4‐week‐old specific‐pathogen‐free (SPF) turkeys after oral administration of hemorrhagic enteritis virus. The virus antigen was detected and quantified in tissues at various days post‐infection (DPI) by an avidin‐biotin‐enhanced enzyme immunoassay and was located by a monoclonal antibody‐based immunoperoxidase (IP) staining technique. In the intestinal tract, low levels of viral antigen were detected from 1 to 3 and 9 to 15 DPI, whereas high antigen levels were found from 4 to 7 DPI. The bursa had viral antigen from 2 to 7 DPI. The plasma fraction of blood was positive for the antigen at day 1 PI and the cellular fraction of blood on day 3 PI. Antigen was first detected in the spleen at 2 DPI and reached a peak on day 6 PI. Initially, the viral antigen was present in a few reticular cells of the spleen and an increase in IP positive cells occurred with time. The maximum number of inclusion bodies in the spleen were found on day 6 PI. Following splenomegaly, viremia resulted in high levels of the virus appearing in the lamina propria of the small intestine. The lamina propria had numerous lymphoreticular cells positive for intranuclear viral inclusions from 5–7 DPI. It was at this time that intestinal congestion and hemorrhage were seen. The results suggest that HEV replicates first in the lymphoid cells of intestinal tract including the bursa, and then in those of the spleen with consequent HEV antigen widely distributed in the body. The time course of the high levels of HEV (mainly 4–7 DPI) in the lymphoid organs (cells), and occurrence of hemorrhagic enteritis (congestion, hyperemia) from 5 to 7 DPI and intestinal hemorrhage (5–8 DPI) appear to suggest that the intestinal lesion may be an immune‐mediated response.

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“…HEV has been recorded in the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, India, and Israel (Domermuth and Gross, 1978), and antibody has been found in all flocks tested, although only half had signs of disease (Beasley and Wisdom, 1978). Scott (1974) infected turkeys by a combined oral-intranasal route.…”

Section: Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenoviruses of Vertebrate Animals

McFerran¹

1981

Vertebrate Animal and Related Viruses

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Studies on the Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Enteritis of Turkeys

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Relationship between Age of Flock Seroconversion to Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus and Appearance of Adenoviral Inclusions in the Spleen and Renal Tubule Epithelia of Turkeys

Relationship between Age of Flock Seroconversion to Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus and Appearance of Adenoviral Inclusions in the Spleen and Renal Tubule Epithelia of Turkeys

Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus Infection in Turkeys

Adenoviruses of Vertebrate Animals

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