Studies on the nutraceuticals composition of wheat derived oils wheat bran oil and wheat germ oil

Abstract

Fat-soluble nutraceuticals of cereals are known for number of disease preventive activities. Hence wheat bran oil (WBO) and wheat germ oil (WGO) were extracted from wheat bran and germ which yielded 3.35 % and 7.35 % of oil, containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (64 %, 61.2 %) respectively. Both oils contained tocopherols and carotenoids, which were higher in wheat germ oil (273 mg/ 100 g, 12.23 mg/100 g) than wheat bran oil (190 mg/100 g, 2.21 mg/100 g). Steryl ferulates were also present in both the oils, but their content was eight-fold higher in WBO than in WGO. Three major steryl ferulates identified by HPLC were campesteryl ferulate and sitostenyl ferulate, campestanyl ferulate and β-sitosteryl ferulate as in γ-oryzanol and another ferulate, viz., sitostanyl ferulate. A strong IC 50 value of 7.5 mg/mL and 21.6 mg/mL DPPH free radicals scavenging for wheat germ oil for wheat bran oil was observed. NMR ( 13 C and 1 H) profile explored the evidence of distribution of antioxidant molecules in the unsaponifiable matter of wheat derived oil. Since oils rich in PUFA and minor components are required for the normal physiological activities, blending such oils with other edible oils of the diet in wheat growing countries like India may be useful to provide health benefits.

Evaluation of genotypic wheat bran varieties for nutraceutical compounds

“…In another study, rye bran and wheat bran steryl ferulates were compared and yields obtained were different (Nyström et al 2007). Suresh Kumar and Gopala Krishna (2015) and Suresh Kumar et al (2014) have also reported the changes in wheat bran oil steryl ferulates before and after heating at different temperatures. Steryl ferulates has significant effects in reducing serum cholesterol levels, inhibiting tumorigenesis, anti-diabetic properties etc.…”

Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Common and Emerging Dietary Sources: Occurrence, Applications, and Health Benefits

“…Mixed tocopherols from soybean oil processing are generally used for stabilizing oxidatively-sensitive lipid supplements such as those from marine oils and other products. In addition, tocopherol-rich oils, such as germ oils from oat [63], barley [64] and wheat [65], may be mixed with other oils to stabilize them [61]. Among the tocotrienol-rich oils, palm oil [28], annatto [66], and rice bran oil [67] are important, and these are often used in product enrichment.…”

Bioactive phytochemicals in wheat: Extraction, analysis, processing, and functional properties

“…In a recent study, Kumar and Krishna (2013) used HPLC and NMR ( 13 C and 1 H) to determine the distribution of tocopherols and carotenoids in the unsaponifiable matter of wheat bran and wheat germ oils. These results showed that wheat germ oil contained higher concentrations of tocopherols and carotenoids (273 and 12.23 mg/100 g, respectively) than wheat bran oil (190 and 2.21 mg/100 g, respectively).…”