Studies on the Local Immunity of Intestinal Tract of Chickens After Oral Administration of Newcastle Disease Virus

Abstract

An enterotropic avirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV-Ishii) the bursa-dependent lymphoid system, and probably on IgA antibody which is produced locally by lymphoid cells of the lamina propria.

Intestinal Resistance in the Experimental Enteric Infection of Mice with a Mouse Adenovirus

“…The results obtained clearly show that the serum antibody had no effect on the growth of the virus in the intestinal wall, indicating further that the serum antibody itself played no role in the intestinal resistance. This conclusion coincides with those obtained by many other workers in the studies of polio-vaccination, such as the one reviewed by Sabin [11], or the one by Kono et al in the experimental enteric infection of chickens with an enterotropic avirulent Newcastle disease virus [7].…”

“…We have been approaching the problem using mice, together with a strain of mouse adenovirus for several years. From this same viewpoint, Kono et al reported experiments on the infection in the alimentary tract of chickens with an enterotropic avirulent strain of Newcastle disease virus [7]. With chickens, they demonstrated the neutralizing activity of fecal extracts, probably coproantibody, a few weeks after the inoculation of the virus, with stronger constancy than in the case of human coproantibody, although the acquisition of the intestinal resistance appeared to be imperfect occasionally from their data by both FA technique and isolation of the virus.…”

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE MODE OF NEUTRALIZATION REACTION OF POLIOVIRUS TYPE 2 WITH SERUM IgG AND SECRETORY IgA FROM MOTHER'S MILK AND FECAL EXTRACT

“…Giovanardi et al, (1965) found that the poliovirusneutralizing antibody in human colostrum and milk belonged to the a2A class of On the one hand, it has become evident that the secretory IgA antibody plays an important role in the defence mechanism of virus infection of mucosal surfaces. The authors investigated local resistance of the intestinal tract after oral administration of live attenuated poliovirus vaccine to humans and of attenuated Newcastle disease virus to chickens and found that coproantibody played an important role in the resistance and that the predominant component of the coproantibody was IgA (Kono et al, 1969 the mode of neutralization reaction of poliovirus type 2 with the globulin fractions of human serum, mother's milk (whey) and stool extract precipitated by salting-out with half saturation of (NH4)2SO4 ; no difference was found among them when compared by kinetic and multiplicity neutralization tests. Then, purified IgA fractions of mother's milk (whey) and of stool extract were tested and a close similarity to serum IgG was shown in kinetic neutralization reaction against the same virus.…”

“…We found that coproantibody is synthesized in poliovirus infection (Kawakami et al, 1966;Kono et al, 1966) and that it was governed by a bursa-or gut-dependent lymphoid system by a model experiment with chickens and enterotropic Newcastle disease virus (Kono et al, 1969 Stool extract: Stool samples were collected from infants and children, 3 months to 11 years of age, who had been orally immunized with two doses of trivalent Sabin vaccine. Samples were taken one month after the last vaccine administration.…”

Intestinal Resistance in the Experimental Enteric Infection of Mice with a Mouse Adenovirus

“…[10], and Keller et al [11] showed that the poliovirus-neutralizing activity in fecal extracts of man was associated with IgA and also with antibody fragments, by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-200 gel-filtration, or by examining the fecal extracts of newborn infants which usually contained no IgA. Kono et al [12] stated, in studies on the local immunity of intestinal tract of chickens found after oral administration of Newcastle disease virus, that the neutralizing substance of fecal extracts was assumed as an IgA antibody. Kono et al also cited in the discussion of the paper that secretary IgA was competent for neutralization of poliovirus in their studies of human coproantibody.…”