Studies on the Kidney Function in Premature and Full‐Term Infants by Estimation of the Inulin and Paraamino‐Hippurate Clearances<sup>1</sup>

Vesterdal, J; Tudvao, Folke

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1949.tb16597.x

Cited by 44 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Vesterdal and Tudvad (1949) estimated the clearance of para-amino-hippurate in newborn infants to be one-tenth that of the adult when corrected for surface area; in the first three months of life the clearance reached only one-half the adult value.…”

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Experiences with radioisotope renography in children.

Johnston¹,

Irving²

1967

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Radioisotope renography provides, from the individual kidney, a graphic record of the renal vascularity, of the excretory funtion of the tubular cells, and of the evacuatory capability of the tubules and the kidney pelvis. By the use of additional scintillation counters, an index of the rate of extraction of the isotope from the blood and its rate of accumulation in the bladder can also be obtained.Since Received February 3, 1967. most children, but in infants, in whom the isotope dosage was small, a range of 30 was necessary. The time constant was 10 seconds in all cases and at all phases of the tracings. For the kidney tracings a paper speed of 1 -25 cm./min. was used; for the tracings from the bladder or the chest the paper speed was 15 cm./min. and the recordings here were made for brief periods intermittently. (The tracings illustrated in the Figures have been extrapolated to a paper speed of half that of the originals in order to facilitate publication.) With a pathological kidney the examination lasted at least 20 minutes; normal tracings were often completed in a shorter period. In the great majority of instances renography was carried out with the child in the supine position. No preliminary preparation was employed and the children were in a normal state of hydration.The tracings fall into two groups; those from children over 2 years of age and those from children under 2 years.

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confidence: 99%

Experiences with radioisotope renography in children.

Johnston¹,

Irving²

1967

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Continuous intravenous infusions of inulin are unjustified in normal babies because of the occasional need for a 'cut-down' and the risk of infection. Single intravenous injections are difficult and the reduction of the glomerular filtration rate by pain must also be considered (Vesterdal & Tudvad, 1950).The clearance of 'endogenous creatinine' avoids these difficulties and it has been used to measure the glomerular filtration rate in children (Suranyi & Zimanyi, 1948), although there is no adequate evidence that it does so (McCance, 1950). Brod & Sirota (1948) measured simultaneously the 'endogenous creatinine' and mannitol clearances in four children aged 2-23 months.…”

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Comparison of inulin and ‘endogenous creatinine’ clearances in young children

Doxiadis¹,

Goldfinch²

1952

The Journal of Physiology

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The measurement of the glomerular filtration rate in young children presents several special difficulties. Continuous intravenous infusions of inulin are unjustified in normal babies because of the occasional need for a 'cut-down' and the risk of infection. Single intravenous injections are difficult and the reduction of the glomerular filtration rate by pain must also be considered (Vesterdal & Tudvad, 1950).The clearance of 'endogenous creatinine' avoids these difficulties and it has been used to measure the glomerular filtration rate in children (Suranyi & Zimanyi, 1948), although there is no adequate evidence that it does so (McCance, 1950). Brod & Sirota (1948) measured simultaneously the 'endogenous creatinine' and mannitol clearances in four children aged 2-23 months. They calculated the inulin clearance by multiplying the mannitol clearance by 1F1 and found that the ratios of the 'endogenous creatinine' to the inulin clearance varied from 0-55 to 0-69. Hare, Goldstein, claimed that, by using a method of creatinine estimation which involved adsorption on to and elution of creatinine from Lloyd's reagent (R. S. Hare, 1950), they obtained in twenty-two normal subjects aged 1 week to 40 years an average ratio of 'endogenous creatinine' to inulin clearance of 1-03 with a range of 0-82-1F26.In the present work an attempt has been made to assess the value of the 'endogenous creatinine' clearance as a measure of glomerular filtration rate in infants and young children by comparing it with the inulin clearance. The administration of inulin subcutaneously simplified the procedure and proved satisfactory. METHODSMaterial. The clearances were estimated in seventeen young children aged 6-42 months and in three older children aged 9-11 years. Two of the young children were suffering from nephrosis (cases 6 and 7) and a third (case 17) had a slightly raised blood urea, possibly the result of an

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“…(1) A temporary stoppage or decrease in the renal excretion. Such changes have been observed after painful stimuli, although to a much lesser extent (40). It may be noted, furthermore, that the renal clearance remained constant during the three twenty-minute periods in a similar case, which makes this possibility unlikely.…”

Section: Deviations In the Curvementioning

confidence: 78%

The Extracellular Fluid Volume in Infants and Children

Friis-Hansen

1954

Acta Paediatrica

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Summary The extracellular volume in fifty infants and children has been studied by a micro modification of the thiosulfate method. This technique was first tried out and it was found that determinations carried out on capillary blood gave the most consistent results. Some limitations of the method are discussed. The extracellular volume was found to diminish rapidly during the first six months of life, from 44 to 30 per cent of body weight, later a gradual decrease during childhood ensued, from 30 per cent to 20 per cent around puberty. When expressed as liters per square meter surface area of the body a less pronounced fall was observed, and only during the first month of life.

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Studies on the Kidney Function in Premature and Full‐Term Infants by Estimation of the Inulin and Paraamino‐Hippurate Clearances¹

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Experiences with radioisotope renography in children.

Experiences with radioisotope renography in children.

Comparison of inulin and ‘endogenous creatinine’ clearances in young children

The Extracellular Fluid Volume in Infants and Children

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Studies on the Kidney Function in Premature and Full‐Term Infants by Estimation of the Inulin and Paraamino‐Hippurate Clearances1

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Experiences with radioisotope renography in children.

Experiences with radioisotope renography in children.

Comparison of inulin and ‘endogenous creatinine’ clearances in young children

The Extracellular Fluid Volume in Infants and Children

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Product

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Studies on the Kidney Function in Premature and Full‐Term Infants by Estimation of the Inulin and Paraamino‐Hippurate Clearances¹