Studies on the genotoxicity of monocrotophos, an organophosphate insecticide, in the chick in vivo test system

Bhunya, Sourav; Jena, Gopabandhu

doi:10.1016/0165-1161(93)90026-v

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…route, effective concentrations of the chemicals in the bone marrow cells may be considerably reduced due to poor absorption from the gut and/or greater elimination of the chemicals from the body. A similar difference in the effect of route of exposure has been reported for the OP insecticides [Bhunya and Jena, 1993;Giri et al, 2002a,b]. The significant difference in the frequency of micronucleated PCEs between the subacute dose (2 mg/kg 3 5 days) and the corresponding acute dose suggests a noncumulative nature of the effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Organophosphorus compounds have been reported to have alkylating properties and the methyl esters have a higher alkylating potential than the ethyl esters [Garrett et al, 1990]. The phosphorus in these pesticides may act as a good substrate for nucleophilic attack and may cause the phosphorylation of DNA resulting in DNA damage [Bhunya and Jena, 1993]. The mutagenic activity of malathion may be due to the existence of electrophilic sites in the parent molecule or its metabolic intermediates, which are capable of binding to nucleophilic sites in DNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malathion and fenvalerate induce micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells

Giri

Sharma

2011

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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Health effects of pesticides are a major public health concern. In this study, the genotoxic effects of two commonly-used pesticides, malathion, and fenvalerate, were investigated in mice in vivo. Induction of micronuclei in bone marrow cells was used as the test parameter following exposure to 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg malathion by intraperitoneal (i.p.) or per oral (p.o.) exposure. Exposure by both routes was found to cause a significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) in a dose-dependent manner (r = 0.9769; P < 0.05). The highest dose (10 mg/kg) induced significant (P < 0.05) cytotoxicity. In contrast, fenvalerate caused an increase in micronucleated PCEs only at higher doses (10 and 20 mg/kg) via i.p. injection, and was not associated with cytotoxicity. A significant dose-response correlation was not observed in the dose ranges tested for fenvalerate (r = 0.8704; P > 0.05). The results suggest that technical grade malathion is a genotoxic agent. In contrast, technical grade fenvalerate appears to be a potent genotoxic agent, but this observation should be confirmed with further investigation(s).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malathion and fenvalerate induce micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells

Giri

Sharma

2011

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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“…Ayrıca bu yöntem sigara, gıda katkı maddeleri, pestisitler, iyonize radyasyon, mikrodalga ışınlar gibi buna benzer birçok kimyasal ve fiziksel etkenlerin değerlendirilmesinde de yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır (Preston et al, 1981;Choy, 2001;Mateuca et al, 2006 Ledebur and Schmid, 1973;MacGregor et al, 1987;Mavournin et al, 1990;Üstün, 2007 (Matson et al, 2005). MN testinin bir başka modifikasyonu 5-7 günlük civcivlerin kemik iliği ve perifer kan eritrositleri üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş ve başta pestisitler olmak üzere çeşitli kimyasal bileşiklerin genotoksik etkisi bu yöntemle test edilmiştir Jena and Bhunya, 1992;Bhunya and Jena, 1993;Jena and Bhunya, 1994;Bhunya and Jena, 1996;Özparlak ve ark., 2011). Bu test yöntemini kullanan araştırıcılar civciv in vivo MN test sistemin memeli test sistemlerine alternatif olabileceğini vurgulamışlardır Giri et al, 2002 (Ayllon and Garcia-Vazquez, 2000;Çavaş and Gözükara 2003;Özparlak, 2006;Könen, 2007;Aymak, 2010).…”

Section: Materyal Ve Metotunclassified

Hen s Egg Test For Micronucleus Induction (HET-MN)

Özparlak¹,

Çelik²

2016

jist

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ÖZET: Genotoksisite testleri içinde çok yaygın kullanılan yöntemlerden biri mikronükleus tekniğidir. Mikronükleus testleri içerisinde ise diğerlerine kıyasla daha yeni bir teknik Tavuk Yumurtası Mikronükleus Testi (Hen's Egg Test for Micronucleus Induction, HET-MN)'dir. HET-MN hayvan hakları ve etik açıdan kesinlikle uygun, in vitro ve in vivo deneyler arasına yerleştirebileceğimiz son derece basit, ucuz ve hızlı bir genotoksisite testidir. Ayrıca bu modelin sağladığı yüksek metabolik yetkinlik mutajen ve promutajenleri içeren ksenobiyotiklerin metabolik aktivasyonuna da imkân tanımaktadır. Bu makalede önce mikronükleus testlerinin çeşitleri, ardından HET-MN'nin uygulamasıyla ilgili güncel yayınlar derlenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Eritrosit, genotoksisite, mikronükleus, tavuk embriyosu ABSTRACT: One of widely used methods in genotoxicity tests is micronucleus technique. Hen's Egg Test for Micronucleus Induction (HET-MN) is a member of relatively new of micronucleus tests. HET-MN is an extremely simple, inexpensive and rapid genotoxicity assay which is positioned between pure in vitro and in vivo analysis, strictly in line with animal protection regulations and ethical aspects. Furthermore the high metabolic competency provided by this model enables metabolic activation of xenobiotics including mutagens and promutagens. In this article, recent publications about the kinds of micronucleus tests and then the application of HET-MN have been compiled.

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“…The corresponding molecular mechanisms of pesticide poisoning and cancer by formation of DNA and protein adducts are poorly understood [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Many neurotoxicants (organochlorines, herbicides, organophosphate pesticides) react with DNA and protein resulting in the formation of the adducts which lead to disruption of the structure and function of DNA and protein and may cause cancer [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical aspects of lysozyme adduct with monocrotophos

2014

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The present study on in vitro formation and characterization of lysozyme adduct with monocrotophos (MP) evaluates the potential of lysozyme to be used as a sensitive biomarker to monitor exposure levels to the commonly used organophosphorus pesticide monocrotophos. Crystallization of lysozyme protein adduct with monocrotophos was also undertaken to understand the adduct formation mechanism at a molecular level. The binding of organophosphorus pesticides to lysozyme is one of the key steps in their mutagenicity. The formation and structural characterization of lysozyme adduct with monocrotophos was done using MALDI-TOFMS, fluorescence, UV/Vis spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and X-ray diffraction studies. We report the crystal structure of lysozyme adduct with monocrotophos at 1.9 Å. It crystallized in the P43 space group with two monomers in one asymmetric unit having one molecule of monocrotophos bound to each protein chain. The results proved that the fluorescence quenching of lysozyme by monocrotophos is due to binding of monocrotophos with a tryptophan residue of lysozyme. Monocrotophos interacts most strongly with the Trp-108 and Asp-52 of lysozyme. The interactions of the monocrotophos molecule with the lysozyme suggest the formation of a stable adduct. In addition, the alteration of lysozyme secondary structure in the presence of monocrotophos was confirmed by circular dichroism and fluorescence inhibition of lysozyme by increasing monocrotophos and UV/Vis spectrophotometry. The formation of lysozyme adduct with monocrotophos was confirmed by MALDI-TOFMS.

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Studies on the genotoxicity of monocrotophos, an organophosphate insecticide, in the chick in vivo test system

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Malathion and fenvalerate induce micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells

Malathion and fenvalerate induce micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells

Hen s Egg Test For Micronucleus Induction (HET-MN)

Biophysical aspects of lysozyme adduct with monocrotophos

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