Studies on the flow and composition of bile in growing pigs

Abstract

A method is described for measuring the rate of flow and composition of bile entering the duodenum of the pig with minimal interference to the normal physiological processes of bile secretion. Eight pigs of 25‐30 kg initial liveweight were fitted with reentrant catheters in the common bile duct. Two different diets were used: these contained barley, fine wheat offal, white fish‐meal, minerals and vitamins (diet BWF), starch, sucrose, casein, maize oil, cellulose, minerals and vitamins (diet SSC). The flow of bile in 24 h was calculated from the rate of drop formation in a small Perspex drop chamber. Variation in flow between and within pigs was high. Mean values for total flow of bile, and of water, dry matter, ash, total lipid and total nitrogen in the bile were: 1733, 1656, 76.9, 18.6, 11.0, 1.9 g 24 h‐1, respectively, for diet BWF, and 1182, 1132, 49.7, 12.6, 8.1, 1.8 g 24 h‐1, respectively, for diet SSC. The hourly pattern of bile flow appeared different for the two diets; for both diets, however, bile was calculated to contribute a maximum of 15% of the total endogenous material added to digesta collected from the duodenum.

Exogenous and endogenous contribution to nitrogen fluxes in the digestive tract of pigs fed a casein diet. I. Contributions of nitrogen from the exocrine pancreatic secretion and the bile

“…Furthermore, the present study shows that the amount of pancreatic nitrogen increased after meal intake, as reported earlier (Corring, 1980). The daily bile secretion into the intestinal lumen included 1.7 g of endogenous nitrogen, which was close to the values reported by Sambrook (1981 ); the concentration of the diet did not appear to affect the daily production of endogenous nitrogen through bile secretion (Sambrook, 1981 ). In contrast to pancreatic secretion, meal intake did not affect the kinetics of nitrogen production in bile.…”

Carcass characteristics and meat quality of heavy swine fed different citrus pulp levels

“…However, it is possible to explain the augmented liver sizes of animals fed citrus pulp since higher production and liberation of biliar salts may occur to adsorb the NSPs present in this ingredient. Sambrook (1981), evaluating inclusion of feedstuffs rich on soluble (barley) and non-soluble (cellulose) NSPs, observed that diets containing the highest level of soluble NSPs caused an increase on biliar salts production.…”

Exogenous and endogenous contributions to nitrogen fluxes in the digestive tract of pigs fed a casein diet. III. Recycling of endogenous nitrogen

“…Accordingly, the pancreatic and bile secretions represented only 18 and 16% respectively of the total endogenous N-secretion, and 7.1 g N came from other endogenous N-sources. Values for pancreatic and bile N-secretion in pigs have been reported by many authors and both varied between 1 and 3 g N/d, depending on diet composition (Corring and Jung, 1972;Sambrook, 1978;Juste et al, 1979;Partridge et al, 1982;Ozimek et al, 1985;Zebrowska, 1985;Souffrant et al, 1985). For …”