Studies on the Differences of Photosynthesis among Species : I. Differences in the response of photosynthesis among species in normal oxygen concentration as influenced by some environmental factors

Akita, Shigemi; Miyasaka, Akira; Murata, Yoshinori

doi:10.1626/jcs.38.507

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They require more light than Calvin plants for saturation of net photosynthesis at 300 ppm CO2 (112,113,115,171,172) , and they usually exhibit faster ratcs of light-saturated net photosynthesis than Calvin-cycle or CAM plants. Also, the C. plants achieve optimum net photosynthesis at warmer leaf temperatures (2,27,85,113,118,171,172). Downton (71) and Berry (23) have reported some physiological differentiation in photosynthetic systems among plants which are currently described as having the C.-dicarboxylic acid pathway.…”

Section: Photosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Productivity

Loomis¹,

Williams²,

Hall³

1971

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

126

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Man's dependence upon food resources from cultivated lands had its genesis some 10,000 years ago, and the resulting technology of crop hus bandry has been the principal factor permitting large increases in human population. The potential for food production in conventional agriculture and in alternative systems is undergoing intensive re-examination now be cause of current rapid population growth and attendant pressures for conver sion of highly productive, cultivated lands to other uses. The develop ment of plant physiology as a discipline has been closely linked to the de velopment of agriculture and agricultural research, so it is well that we attempt to take inventory in this review of how our research relates to cur rent and future problems in agricultural productivity.Let us focus our examination of agricultural ecosystems first upon several constraints which limit us in comparative analyses of diverse systems and which serve to shape research needs.First, agricultural systems are basically photosynthetic systems and hence must be assessed for their efficiency in conversion of solar irradiance in terms of both primary productivity and useful end products. This means focusing not only on basic aspects of photosynthesis at leaf and cellular levels but also at the community level. Responses to crowding, the dynamics of canopy development, and canopy persistence over the growing season become crucial matters. Time itself must be viewed as a resource.Second, the choice of crop species is heavily influenced by factors un related to primary production potential. Food, feed, and fiber preferences and secondary constraints such as pests, ease of culture, and the need for diversity in operations establish economic priorities which frequently over ride consideration of biological efficiency, Thus, in The Netherlands, grasses may accumulate 1000 g m-2 of dry matter before the time that maize can even be planted (210). However, significant amounts of maize are grown in The Netherlands because of its utility as a concentrated carbohydrate source. Also, it appears that genetic selection generally has favored quantity and quality of economic yield, variables which often correlate poorly with community productivity. These same factors encourage the culture of a desirable plant to be extended towards the limits of its climatic adaptation. Thus, economically attractive cropping systems may be transposed to en-431 7518 Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol. 1971.22:431-468. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by North Dakota INBRE on 11/19/14. For personal use only. Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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Section: Photosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Productivity

Loomis¹,

Williams²,

Hall³

1971

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

126

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“…In the simulations of Figs 2 and 3, C,,,,,^ for RuBP carboxylase was taken as a eonstant but there is evidenee in some species that the state of aetivation of the enzyme deereases at lower light intensities (see Taylor & Terry, 1984), Also, several studies have shown that the earboxylation eflieieney decreases with deereasing light intensities (Akita, Miyasaka, & Murata, 1969;Taylor & Terry, 1984;Weber et al, 1987), While more experimental data is needed on the state of aetivation of the enzyme under varying [CO,] and photon flux densities with dilTerent speeies, an example of the elfect of increasing aetivation of RuBP earboxylase on photosynthesis with increasing photon flux density ean be illustrated with the present model. In Fig, 4a, the response of A' (from eqn 22) is shown where the state of aetivation of RuBP earboxylase remains constant (solid circles) compared with an inerease in the state of activation of RuBP earboxylase with increasing photon flux density based on a study of Taylor & Terry (1984) (open eircles).…”

Section: Simulations and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mechanistic model for photosynthesis based on the multisubstrate ordered reaction of ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase

Farazdaghi

Edwards

1988

Plant Cell & Environment

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Abstract. A mechanistic model of photosynthesis is developed based on the characteristics of ribulose 1,5‐bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase and the assimilation of CO2 as an ordered reaction with RuBP binding before CO2. An equation is derived which considers the effects of light (for regeneration of RuBP) and CO2. Taking values for the maximum turnover of RuBP carboxylase at substrate saturation, the maximum carboxylation efficiency (maximum increase in rate per increase in CO2 concentration) and the minimum quantum requirement for the C3 pathway, photosynthesis in the absence of photorespiration is simulated. In the model, at varying concentrations of CO2, the efficiency of light utilization approaches a maximum value as photon flux density decreases. Similarly, with a given maximum carboxyation capacity, at varying photon flux densities the carboxylation efficiency approaches a constant maximum value (equal to Vmax/KmCO2) as CO2 is decreased. However, a decrease in the state of activation of RuBP carboxylase under low light results in a lower carboxylation efficiency. Limits on the rate of photosynthesis, as the maximum capacity for regeneration of RuBP is reduced relative to carboxylation potential, or as the maximum capacity of the carboxylase varies, are considered.

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“…With the methods so far described, E, xi and xa were obtained, so that the total diffusive resistance to water vapour transfer (ra+rs) was also given from eq. (1).…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Photosynthesis and Primary Production of Rice Plants in Relation to Meteorological Environments

Horie

1978

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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With the purpose to obtain necessary data for constructing a simulation model for photosynthesis and primary production of rice plant in relation to meteorological environments, measurements were made on rice leaves with a leaf chamber method, of the leaf boundary layer resistance (ra) to water vapour transfer in dependence of wind speed and also of stomatal (rs) and mesophyll (rM) diffusive resistances as a function of radiation intensity. ra was found to be proportional to the square root of the effective leaf length along the wind direction, and inversely proportional to the square root of the wind velocity, so that Sherwood number (Sh) was presented in the form: Sh=A Re1/2 Sc 1/3 with Re and Sc being Reynolds and Schmidt numbers. The proportional constant A appeared to be 0.86-0.91. rM responded almost instantaneously to the suddenly changed radiation levels, while rs took a certain time before it reached a steady-state value. The transitional response pattern in rs to an increased radiation was found to be approximated by a response function of first order lag, while that to a decreased radiation by a function of logistic type. The time constant for the opening response of the stomata appeared to be about 5 min. and that for the closing response about 6 min.. The steady-state value of rs in the dark was 30-40 sec cm-1 and it decreased with increasing radiation intensity in a negative exponential fashion. At shortwave radiation intensity of 0.6 cal cm-2 min-1 (=0.26 cal cm-2 min-1 in PAR, 400-700 nm), rs reached a minimum value of about 1.2 sec cm-1, rM also decreased with the increase in radiation up to about 0.8 cal cm-2 min-1. Under a normal range of the environments, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was likely to be restricted more by rM than by rs or ra. A linear relation was found between Pn and the total conductivity for CO2 between outside air and the air in the intercellular spaces, giving a support to the hypothesis (Raschke, 1975) that the stomata stabilize the CO2 concentration in the intercellular spaces at a constant level. growth which may explain and predict the dynamic behaviors in the plant-environment interactions. Construction of any simulation model for a Read at the Annual Meeting,

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Studies on the Differences of Photosynthesis among Species : I. Differences in the response of photosynthesis among species in normal oxygen concentration as influenced by some environmental factors

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Agricultural Productivity

Agricultural Productivity

A mechanistic model for photosynthesis based on the multisubstrate ordered reaction of ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase

Studies on Photosynthesis and Primary Production of Rice Plants in Relation to Meteorological Environments

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