Studies on the ability of smoke from different types of cigarettes to induce DNA single-strand breaks in cultured human cells

Fielding, Susan; Short, Connie E.; Davies, Katie; Wald, Nicholas; Bridges, B.A.; Waters, Raymond

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(89)90208-x

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Based on experimental and epidemiological studies, cigarette smoke accounts for a significant risk factor in developing cancer of various organs (37), including those of the cervix (38)(39)(40). Numerous genotoxic effects of CSC, including DNA strand breaks, have also been demonstrated in other human culture cells (17,18,(41)(42)(43). However, this finding has not been demonstrated previously in HPVinfected cervical cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Moktar

Ravoori²,

Vadhanam³

et al. 2009

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative factor in the development and progression of cervical cancers in >97% of the cases, although insufficient. Epidemiological studies suggest an elevated risk of cervical cancer for cigarette smokers; therefore, we examined cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair in HPV16-transformed human ectocervical cells (ECT1/E6 E7). Cells were treated with cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) for 72 h to assess the formation of single-and double-strand DNA breaks, measured by alkaline and neutral single cell gel electrophoresis assays, respectively. The mean tail length of cells with single-strand breaks was increased by 1.8-, 2.7-and 3.7-fold (p<0.001) after treatment with 4, 8 and 12 μg/ml CSC, respectively. The tail length with double-strand breaks was also increased dose-dependently. These results were further supported by measurement of the mean tail moment: the increase in both single-and double-strand breaks were much more pronounced with increasing concentration of CSC, by up to 23.5-fold (p<0.0001 for both assays). To examine the DNA repair, cells were treated with CSC for 72 h, followed by CSC withdrawal and re-incubation of the cells with fresh medium for 24, 48, or 72 h. Both single-and double-strand DNA breaks were removed during the initial 24 h but no further removal of the damage was observed. Up to 80% of residual single-and double-strand DNA breaks (p<0.05) were found to persist at all CSC concentrations examined. Ellagic acid, a known antioxidant and free-radical scavenger, was found to significantly inhibit DNA breaks induced by CSC. Thus, free radicals may be a plausible source of CSCinduced DNA damage. These data show that CSC-mediated DNA strand breaks are highly persistent, and suggest that persistence of cigarette smoke-associated DNA damage in the presence of HPV infection may lead to increased mutations in cervical cells and ultimately higher cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Moktar

Ravoori²,

Vadhanam³

et al. 2009

Int J Oncol

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“…Studies conducted on rodents, mammalian cells in culture and in vitro showed that cigarette smoke can induce DNA strand breaks (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Furthermore, human studies also showed that DNA damage is higher in smokers than in non-smokers (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Smoking during Pregnancy on DNA Damage and ROS Level Consequences in Maternal and Newborns’ Blood

Aydoğan

Durmaz

Ercan

et al. 2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Some of the genotoxic/carcinogenic substances or metabolites in cigarette smoke are capable of passing through the placenta and harming a newborn's health. Smoking is also known as a factor in the formation of oxidative damage and the main mechanism involved in the carcinogenic process. Predetermining this genotoxic risk can be successfully achieved by measuring certain parameters of oxidative stress. The comet assay is considered an important biomarker for the evaluation of genotoxic substances and is effective for detecting DNA damage caused by smoking. This study examined third trimester bloods and the cord blood of 28 actively smoking and 22 non-smoking mothers in terms of DNA damage and oxidative stress parameters. Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), plasma nitrite/nitrates (NO 2 -/NO 3 -), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx), Cu, and Zn levels were measured as indicators of oxidative damage. There were no signifi cant increases in DNA damage of the actively smoking pregnant group in comparison with the non-smoking pregnant group, either in the third trimester or cord blood. Oxidative stress parameters of smoker and non-smoker groups were statistically different for MDA (p<0.05), CuZn-SOD (p<0.01), Se-GPx (p<0.05) values while the difference was not signifi cant for NO 2 -/NO 3 -, CAT, Zn, and Cu values. The same values were also investigated in cord blood, and only NO 2 /NO 3 -(p<0.01), Se-GPx (p<0.01 and CAT (p<0.001) values were found statistically different. Smoking mothers may have been exposed to more oxidative stress than non-smoking mothers.

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“…Differences may also occur due to the combination of a particular VEGF-SNP with environmental factors such as cigarette smoking. A higher risk for urothelial carcinoma for patients with cigarette smoking and risk types of the VEGF genotypes was described before (47), and it was hypothesized that smoking exposure might impair VEGF-induced cell migration (48). According to this, the VEGF-2578 SNP seems to be influenced by patients' smoking habits.…”

Section: J Oral Pathol Medmentioning

confidence: 90%

Associations between single‐nucleotide polymorphisms of the VEGF gene and long‐term prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Kämmerer

Koch²,

Schiegnitz³

et al. 2012

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Studies on the ability of smoke from different types of cigarettes to induce DNA single-strand breaks in cultured human cells

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Effects of Smoking during Pregnancy on DNA Damage and ROS Level Consequences in Maternal and Newborns’ Blood

Associations between single‐nucleotide polymorphisms of the VEGF gene and long‐term prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

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