Studies on Synthetic Polypeptide Antigens

Tj, Gill; Hw, Kunz; Gould, Hannah J.; Doty, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)91398-0

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus, even though attachment of D-tyrosine peptides may enhance or confer inununogenicity on poorly antigenic or non-antigenic macromolecules containing L-amino acids (Sela et al 1963;, polymers devoid of L-amino acids do not seem to be able to elicit an immune response. This conclusion agrees, with one exception (Gill et al 1964), with the results obtained in similar experiments on D-amino acid copolymers in other Laboratories and summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This D-polymer did elicit antibody formation in rabbits, though the amount of antibody found by the precipitin reaction was only one-quarter to onethird of the amount formed against the corre-sponding L-polymer. Our attempts to elicit an immune response m rabbits and guinea pigs by the use of a D-polypeptide with a composition practically identical with that employed by Gill et al (1964), though of a lower molecular weight (cf. Table 3), and by applying a similar immunization schedule, were not successful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of whether no polypeptides composed exclusively of D-amino acids may be immunogenic in any species, or whether (as suggested by the report of Gill et al 1964) D-polypeptides of certain compositions may elicit some antibody, there is no doubt that the difference in immunogenicity between polypeptides containing amino acids of opposite optical configurations is a striking one. Several explanations of this difference have been suggested (Sela, 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contribution of D-tyrosine to immunogenicity is apparent here, as the attachment of peptides of L-glutamic acid alone does not confer antigenic properties on multichain poly-DL-alanine (Sela et al 1962). Attempts to elicit an immune response to several linear and multichain synthetic polypeptides composed exclusively of D-amino acids have been largely unsuccessful (Gill, Gould & Doty, 1963;Maurer, 1963;, although a notable exception to this has been shown (Gill, Kunz, Gould & Doty, 1964). At the same time the corresponding copolymers of L-amino acids were good immunogens, giving positive precipitin reactions with homologous rabbit sera.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In view of the recent report by Gill et al (1964) that a copolymer of D-tyrosine, D-glutamic acid and D-lysine was found to be antigenic in rabbits, when tested by precipitin reaction, we examined a polymer of similar composition for its possible antigenicity in guinea pigs and also in rabbits.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relation between optical configuration and immunogenicity of synthetic polypeptides

Borek¹,

Stupp²,

Fuchs³

et al. 1965

Biochemical Journal

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1. Three random linear copolymers composed of two or three of the amino acids d-tyrosine, d-glutamic acid, d-alanine and d-lysine, and a branched multichain copolymer with a poly-d-lysine backbone and polymeric side chains of d-tyrosine and d-glutamic acid, were found to be non-antigenic in rabbits, by precipitin and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, and in guinea pigs, by delayed hypersensitivity tests. The corresponding four copolymers of l-amino acids were shown to be antigenic by all the three criteria. 2. No immunological cross-reactions were observed between the polypeptides composed of d-amino acids and the corresponding l-amino acid copolymers. 3. Similarly, an azobenzenearsonic acid conjugate of poly-d-tyrosine was shown to be non-antigenic in guinea pigs, in contrast with an analogous conjugate of poly-l-tyrosine. Animals sensitized with the conjugate of poly-l-tyrosine did not exhibit delayed skin reactions, when cross-tested with the d-conjugate. 4. A linear polymer composed of d-tyrosine, l-glutamic acid and l-alanine was found to be immunogenic and to cross-react with the corresponding polymer composed exclusively of d-amino acids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relation between optical configuration and immunogenicity of synthetic polypeptides

Borek¹,

Stupp²,

Fuchs³

et al. 1965

Biochemical Journal

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Struktur und Immunogenität synthetischer Modellantigene

Rüde

1970

Angewandte Chemie

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Vollsynthetische Modellantigene werden in der immunologischen Forschung häufig verwendet. In den meisten Fällen handelt es sich um lineare oder verzweigte Polypeptide, die durch Polymerisation von N‐Carboxy‐α‐aminosäureanhydriden oder durch Polymerisation definierter Oligopeptide hergestellt werden. Diese übersichtlich aufgebauten Antigene ermöglichen durch ihre große Variabilität ein systematisches Studium der chemischen und physikalischen Faktoren, die für die Immunogenität, d. h. die Fähigkeit einer Substanz, im höheren Organismus die Bildung von Antikörpern auszulösen, von Bedeutung sind. Die genetische Kontrolle der Immunantwort konnte mit sehr einfachen synthetischen Antigenen erstmals genauer analysiert werden. Die Ergebnisse lassen eine Reihe immunologischer Phänomene besser verstehen und tragen zur Aufklärung der komplexen Vorgänge bei, die unter dem Einfluß eines Antigens zur Bildung spezifischer Antikörper führen.

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Structure and Immunogenicity of Synthetic Antigens

Rüde¹

1970

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.

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Synthetic antigens are often valuable tools in immunological research. They are usually linear or branched polypeptides, prepared by polymerization of N-carboxy-a-amino acid anhydrides or by polymerization of defined oligopeptides. 0 wing to their great variability, these simple antigens allow a systematic study of the chemical and physical parameters involved in immunogenicity, i.e. the ability of a substance to initiate an immune response in higher animals. The study of' very simple synthetic antigens made possible the first detailed analysis of genetic factors controlling the immunogenicity of a substance. The results have led to a better understanding of many immunological phenomena, and have helped to explain the complex processes initiated by antigens that lead to a specific immune response.

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Studies on Synthetic Polypeptide Antigens

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Relation between optical configuration and immunogenicity of synthetic polypeptides

Relation between optical configuration and immunogenicity of synthetic polypeptides

Struktur und Immunogenität synthetischer Modellantigene

Structure and Immunogenicity of Synthetic Antigens

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