Studies on Synthesis, Characterization, Micellar Features, and Solubilization of Four Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants

Abstract

Four novel cationic gemini surfactants with the same hydrocarbon chain lengths but different spacers have been investigated in this article. After these cationic gemini surfactants have been synthesized, their structures have been characterized by appropriate spectroscopic methods. By determining their Krafft temperatures, the effects of spacer type and structure on Krafft temperature have been examined. Micellization behaviors of the cationic gemini surfactants have been researched at temperatures above the determined Krafft temperatures. Critical micelle concentration (cmc), counterion binding degree (β), and counterion dissociation degree (α) and standard enthalpy change (ΔH mic o ), standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG mic o ), and standard entropy change (ΔS mic o ) of micellization of cationic gemini surfactants have been calculated. The solubilization capabilities of these surfactants have been evaluated according to the molar solubilization ratio (MSR). Additionally, the emulsification powers have been measured.

Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, and Interfacial and Micellar Features of Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Different Spacers

“…Tetradecanoyl chloride (0.1 mol) has been added slowly to the solution 3‐(1 H ‐imidazol‐1‐yl)propan‐1‐amine (0.1 mol) in chloroform (100 ml) and the solution has been stirred under an inert atmosphere for 24 h at room temperature, and then chloroform layer has been extracted with saturated potassium carbonate solution, water, and brine, respectively (Sarıkaya et al, 2021). At last, the chloroform layer has been dried with anhydrous calcium chloride.…”