Studies on regeneration of central nervous system and social ability of the earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae

Abstract

Earthworms are segmented invertebrates that belong to the phylum Annelida. The segments can be divided into the anterior, clitellar and posterior parts. If the anterior part of the earthworm, which includes the brain, is amputated, the worm would essentially survive even in the absence of the brain. In these brain amputee-derived worms, the nerve cord serves as the primary control center for neurological function. In this current work, we studied changes in the expression levels of anti-acetylated tubulin and serotonin as the indicators of neuro-regenerative processes. The data reveal that the blastemal tissues express the acetylated tubulin and serotonin from day four and that the worm amputated at the 7th segment takes 30 days to complete the regeneration of brain. The ability of self-assemblage is one of the specific functions of the earthworm's brain. The brain amputee restored the ability of self-assemblage on the eighth day.

Live foldscope imaging of two environmentally beneficial earthworm species and their early developmental stages

“…Earthworms, E. eugeniae and P. excavatus , were used for this study. The mature earthworms of both species were cultured and maintained in separate plastic tubs containing soil, cow dung, decayed leaf litters at ambient temperature and moisture content (Viljoen & Reinecke, 1992) as shown in Exhibit 1.…”

“…The bilobed brain is located at 3rd-6th segments above the The location is similar in both E. eugeniae and P. excavatus earthworms (Exhibit 9c,g). Besides, the colorless white mass of tissue cerebral ganglion (brain) with bi-lobed structure lies in the 3rd segment above the pharynx (Exhibit 9c,g), that serves as the primary control center for neurological function (Gopi Daisy et al, 2016) were observed similar in both species. However, the present study helps to understand the structure of nervous system, functioning of heart and its blood pumping mechanism to dorsal and ventral blood vessels.…”

Three Antimitotic Compounds Found in Banana Pseudo-Stem By Using Earthworms.

“…This segmented invertebrate species is useful in assessing radiation hazards or evaluating the toxicity of chemical substances (Yesudhason et al 2013(Yesudhason et al , 2018. Studies on the relationship between the central nervous system and the social ability of earthworm suggested its application towards research on social interaction (Gopi Daisy et al 2016). Coelomic uid of earthworms was demonstrated to inhibit the growth of fungal hyphae in vitro (Plavšin et al 2017;Rajesh et al 2019).…”