“…In the clitellar tissue during both anterior and posterior regeneration of the earthworm, the functional enrichment analysis confirmed that the genes regulating the muscle mass shape and structure were significantly downregulated and the genes related to response to starvation and anterior-posterior axis specification were significantly upregulated. The comparative transcriptome analysis and the RNA sequencing data of Clitellum were useful in understanding the intricate mechanism of earthworm regeneration [Paul et al, 2022].…”
Annelids are well-known for their ability to regenerate. The morphological development in terms of regeneration physiology, involves several cellular factors which play crucial roles in the developmental phenomena. The physiological process of regeneration involves critical biomechanical processes which is effectively regulated by the cellular factors. In today’s biological research, the fundamental analysis of regeneration is necessary for the scientific assessment of cellular-biomechanical advancements, which eventually helps to develop adequate insight in the biomedical research in regenerative sciences. In this review we have elucidated the recent research on explaining the developmental physiology of regeneration in annelids.
“…In the clitellar tissue during both anterior and posterior regeneration of the earthworm, the functional enrichment analysis confirmed that the genes regulating the muscle mass shape and structure were significantly downregulated and the genes related to response to starvation and anterior-posterior axis specification were significantly upregulated. The comparative transcriptome analysis and the RNA sequencing data of Clitellum were useful in understanding the intricate mechanism of earthworm regeneration [Paul et al, 2022].…”
Annelids are well-known for their ability to regenerate. The morphological development in terms of regeneration physiology, involves several cellular factors which play crucial roles in the developmental phenomena. The physiological process of regeneration involves critical biomechanical processes which is effectively regulated by the cellular factors. In today’s biological research, the fundamental analysis of regeneration is necessary for the scientific assessment of cellular-biomechanical advancements, which eventually helps to develop adequate insight in the biomedical research in regenerative sciences. In this review we have elucidated the recent research on explaining the developmental physiology of regeneration in annelids.
“…The output of RT-PCR was analyzed using the CFX Maestro Software and the fold change values were calculated using the ΔΔCT and 2-ΔΔCT formula (Paul et al, 2021a;Tatta et al, 2023). The unpaired t-test was used to determine the statistical significance and the P value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant for our study (Livak and Schmittgen, 2001;Paul et al, 2022a).…”
Helicobacter pylori is closely connected to upper gastrointestinal tract diseases including gastric cancer. Transgenic plants are found to be successful in expressing the bacterial antigens, which could elicit an immune response when consumed. The Cytotoxicity-associated immunodominant antigen protein (cagA) of H. pylori is kindred with pathogenicity and cancer risk. We expressed the cagA transgenically in the brinjal. We amplified the cagA gene from H. pylori strain 26695 chromosomal DNA and transformed it into brinjal callus derived from leaf explants using the pBI121 expression vector. The stable expression and accumulation of the recombinant cagA gene were confirmed by using quantitative real-time PCR, western blot analysis and ELISA. The RT-PCR, western blot and ELISA showed stable expression of cagA gene in the transgenic lines B3, B5, B11, B17 and B21. Among them, B11 and B17 samples showed higher expression of the cagA compared to the other samples. Besides, the immunohistochemistry assay showed the abundant expression of cagA protein in the parenchymal regions of the transgenic plants. Out of the 52 plants, a set five plants were found to be positive for cagA expression. Our experimental outcomes can be used further to design the vaccines against H. pylori from the transgenic brinjal plants.
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