Studies on Hydrogenation of Liquid Natural Rubber Using Diimide

Azhar, Nur Hanis Adila; Jamaluddin, Naharullah; Rasid, Hamizah Md; Yusof, Muhammad Jefri Mohd; Yusoff, Siti Fairus Mohd

doi:10.1155/2015/243038

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Reaksi hidrogenasi konvensional dengan gas H 2 mempersyaratkan kondisi reaksi yang dijalankan pada suhu dan tekanan tinggi. Sedangkan reaksi transfer hidrogenasi yang menggunakan senyawa donor hidrogen seperti senyawa diimdia lebih sederhana karena dapat dilakukan pada suhu dan tekanan rendah sehingga meminimalkan biaya (Lin et al, 2004;Azhar et al, 2015). Senyawa diimida bersifat reaktif namun sangat tidak stabil sehingga hanya dapat digunakan secara in-situ dari hasil oksidasi hidrasina hidrat oleh hidrogen peroksida dalam reaksi transfer hidrogenasi katalitik maupun non katalitik (Smit et al, 2008;Kraft et al, 2011).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Reaksi transfer hidrogenasi minyak jarak kastor serta aplikasinya sebagai bahan pelunak kompon karet

Puspitasari

Cifriadi

krisnawati³

et al. 2016

MKKP

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Rubber plasticizer is used to improve rubber processability so as to shorten time and reduce energy consumption during compounding. In general, rubber plasticizer is nonrenewable and environmentally harmful petroleum derivatives due to the carcinogenic property. Environmentally friendly plasticizer can be produced by transfer hydrogenation of vegetable oil. The research was aimed to synthesize new rubber plasticizer from transfer hydrogenation of castor oil using diimide compound which was generated in situ by oxidation of hydrazine hydrate and hydrogen peroxide as well as the application of the new rubber plasticizer obtained on natural and synthetic rubbers compounding. The result showed that the optimum condition of transfer hydrogenation was achieved at a capacity of 1000 ml oil/batch, 40 o C for 5 hours, and ratio hydrazine hydrate to hydrogen peroxide at 1:2 due to the hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) had the highest degree of hydrogenation and neutral pH. The application of 10 phr HCO had significant effect on the compounding of EPDM 6250 which was shown by shortest time and lowest energy of compounding, and also by the highest minimum torque modulus. In addition, the crosslink density of rubber vulcanizate which was formed during accelerated sulfur vulcanization was affected both by the addition of HCO and the saturation of the rubber being used. ABSTRAKBahan pelunak kompon karet berfungsi meningkatkan kemampuan proses karet sehingga dapat mempersingkat waktu dan menurunkan konsumsi energi selama pengomponan. Bahan pelunak karet yang umum digunakan berasal dari turunan minyak bumi yang tidak terbarukan dan tidak ramah lingkungan karena bersifat karsinogenik. Bahan pelunak kompon karet yang ramah lingkungan dapat diproduksi melalui reaksi transfer hidrogenasi minyak nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari sintesis bahan pelunak karet dari minyak jarak kastor secara transfer hidrogenasi menggunakan senyawa diimida yang dibangkitkan secara in situ oleh hidrasina hidrat dan hidrogen peroksida serta aplikasinya dalam pembuatan kompon karet alam (SIR 20) maupun sintetik (EPDM 6250, EPDM 6470, dan Butil 301). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi reaksi terbaik dicapai pada kapasitas reaksi sebesar 1000 ml minyak/batch, suhu 40 o C selama 5 jam dan rasio penambahan hidrasina hidrat terhadap hidrogen peroksida sebesar 1:2 karena menghasilkan derajat hidrogenasi tertinggi dan memiliki pH netral. Aplikasinya sebagai bahan pelunak alami sebesar 10 bsk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap proses pengomponan karet sintetik tipe EPDM 6250 karena saling memiliki kompatibilitas yang tinggi sehingga mampu memberikan waktu dan energi pengomponan serta nilai torsi minimum terendah. Derajat ikatan silang pada vulkanisat karet yang terbentuk saat vulkanisasi sulfur selain dipengaruhi oleh bahan pelunak juga oleh tingkat kejenuhan karet tersebut.Kata kunci: bahan pelunak, hidrogenasi diimida, karet, minyak jarak kastor.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Reaksi transfer hidrogenasi minyak jarak kastor serta aplikasinya sebagai bahan pelunak kompon karet

Puspitasari

Cifriadi

krisnawati³

et al. 2016

MKKP

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“…Still, the drawbacks such as poor heat resistance toward weather and chemical reagents due to the unsaturated double bond polyisoprene inhibit NR usage, especially for outdoor applications. Therefore, to prevail over these constraints, simple chemical modifications help to increase the stability against thermal and oxidative degradation of NR …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This modified NR offers two major advantages over synthetic rubber: It is high in flexibility and it is easy to handle. Moreover, LNR preparation is greener, renewable, and more energy‐efficient compared with other approaches such as metathesis degradation or cleavage technique by using the periodic acid …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of rubber gel as oil absorbent by using water as porosity agent for oil removal

Mustapa

Musbah

Sulaiman

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Oil pollution is a crucial issue that has adversed impact not only on the environment but also human beings. As an alternative to all conventional approaches, a porous rubber gel based on liquid natural rubber (LNR) with excellent hydrophobic and wettability properties has been developed using a simple vulcanization reaction. To determine their sorption capability, LNR gel was employed for absorption of various types of oils such as Petrol A, Petrol B, kerosene, diesel, crude oil, and olive oil. The functionality of LNR gel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the morphology of LNR gel was observed using a scanning electron microscope. By combining wettability and hydrophobicity, the LNR gel exhibited high oil sorption capacity and selectivity for oil removal from water. The LNR gel was able to absorb oils, especially the low viscosity types. Besides, it can also be reused up to 20 cycles while maintaining its oil sorption performance. The selective absorbent shows the recovery of petrol in the range of 96–99% by squeezing the oil. Thus, LNR gel has great potential as green material for cleaning up oil contaminants on a large scale. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47749.

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“…However, NR has a low resistance to heat, weather, and chemical reagents. By increasing the level of saturation in the polymer, the stability of NR against thermal and oxidative degradation can be enhanced [4].…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature, Time and Diimide/Rubber Ratio on the Hydrogenation of Liquid Natural Rubber by Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2019

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Hydrogenated liquid natural rubber (HLNR) was synthesized from liquid natural rubber (LNR) by thermolysis of p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide (TSH). The HLNR structure was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the HLNR had higher decomposition temperature compared to LNR. A response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) with five-level-three-factors was used to optimize the main important reaction parameters, such as the TSH:LNR weight ratio (1–3), reaction temperature (110–150 °C), and reaction time (1–8 h). A quadratic model was developed using this multivariate statistical analysis. Optimum conditions for the non-catalytic hydrogenation of LNR using TSH were obtained; an LNR hydrogenation percentage of 83.47% at a TSH:LNR weight ratio of 1.41, a reaction temperature of 118.11 °C, and a reaction time of 3.84 h were predicted. The R2 value of 0.9949 indicates that the model provides data that are well matched with those from the experiment.

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Studies on Hydrogenation of Liquid Natural Rubber Using Diimide

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Reaksi transfer hidrogenasi minyak jarak kastor serta aplikasinya sebagai bahan pelunak kompon karet

Reaksi transfer hidrogenasi minyak jarak kastor serta aplikasinya sebagai bahan pelunak kompon karet

Fabrication of rubber gel as oil absorbent by using water as porosity agent for oil removal

Effect of Temperature, Time and Diimide/Rubber Ratio on the Hydrogenation of Liquid Natural Rubber by Response Surface Methodology

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