Studies on High Density Polyethylene Reinforced with Phosphate Ore Particles: Thermal, Rheological, Mechanical and Morphological Properties

Shaikh, Hamid; Anis, Arfat; Poulose, Anesh Manjaly; A-Otaibi, M. N.; Alam, Mohammad Asif; Al‐Zahrani, Saeed M.

doi:10.1080/03602559.2016.1171875

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The decrease in the level of the endotherm and crystallization temperature rise with higher GMB content is also noted in Figure . This strongly affirms the fact that, while HDPE cools, the nucleation of the melt occurs on the filler surface at relatively higher temperatures, forming thicker crystal lamellas leading to higher T Cryst . Melt inertia is ignored as the crystallization temperature of foams varies in a very narrow range of 2.2% as compared to H (Table ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…This strongly affirms the fact that, while HDPE cools, the nucleation of the melt occurs on the filler surface at relatively higher temperatures, forming thicker crystal lamellas leading to higher T Cryst . 62 Melt inertia is ignored as the crystallization temperature of foams varies in a very narrow range of 2.2% as compared to H ( Table 3 ). An increase in the filler volume % has an insignificant influence on T Melt of both filaments and prints, as seen from Table 3 , indicating (i) additional thermal history imposed by 3DP post-extrusion has not induced higher residual thermal stresses and (ii) printing temperature can be kept constant for all the samples.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The printing temperature is kept constant for H−H60 to consolidate the warpage, and hence, a multiplier factor is changed for higher GMB %. An increase in filler infusion increases the melt viscosity of the polymer 62 and is observed in the entire frequency sweep (Figure 3a). At a higher frequency, HDPE shows a shear-thinning region.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Three-Dimensional Printed Lightweight Composite Foams

et al. 2020

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The goal of this paper is to enable three-dimensional (3D) printed lightweight composite foams by blending hollow glass microballoons (GMBs) with high density polyethylene (HDPE). To that end, lightweight feedstock for printing syntactic foam composites is developed. The blend for this is prepared by varying the GMB content (20, 40, and 60 volume %) in HDPE for filament extrusion, which is subsequently used for 3D printing. The rheological properties and the melt flow index (MFI) of blends are investigated for identifying suitable printing parameters. It is observed that the storage and loss modulus, as well as complex viscosity, increase with increasing GMB content, whereas MFI decreases. Further, the coefficient of thermal expansion of HDPE and foam filaments decreases with increasing GMB content, thereby lowering the thermal stresses in prints, which promotes the reduction in warpage. The mechanical properties of filaments are determined by subjecting them to tensile tests, whereas 3D printed samples are tested under tensile and flexure tests. The tensile modulus of the filament increases with increasing GMB content (8–47%) as compared to HDPE and exhibit comparable filament strength. 3D printed foams show a higher specific tensile and flexural modulus as compared to neat HDPE, making them suitable candidate materials for weight-sensitive applications. HDPE having 60% by volume GMB exhibited the highest modulus and is 48.02% higher than the printed HDPE. Finally, the property map reveals a higher modulus and comparable strength against injection- and compression-molded foams. Printed foam registered 1.8 times higher modulus than the molded samples. Hence, 3D printed foams have the potential for replacing components processed through conventional manufacturing processes that have limitations on geometrically complex designs, lead time, and associated costs.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-Dimensional Printed Lightweight Composite Foams

et al. 2020

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“…To reduce warpage, the bed temperature is maintained constant, and the multiplier factor was modi ed to account for the greater rGO%. The MFI of polymer rises as the ller infusion increases, as seen throughout the frequency sweep [29]. PEEK has a shear-thinning area at higher frequencies.…”

Section: Mfi and Rheology Of Speek/hap-rgomentioning

confidence: 78%

Investigation on strain rate sensitivity of 3D printed sPEEK-HAP/rGO composites

Baligidad¹,

Kumar²,

Maharudresh³

et al. 2022

Journal of Manufacturing Processes

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“…To reduce warpage, the bed temperature is maintained constant, and the multiplier factor was modi ed to account for the greater HGM%. The MFI of polymer rises as the ller infusion increases, as seen throughout the frequency sweep [27]. PEEK has a shear-thinning area at higher frequencies.…”

Section: Mfi and Rheology Of Peek/hgmmentioning

confidence: 78%

Investigation of Additively Manufactured PEEK Modified With Glass Microballons as a Function of Density and Volume Fraction

Baligidad

Gangadhara

Chandrashekhar

2021

Preprint

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Low density and strong mechanical characteristics make hollow glass microballons (HGM) filled polyehteretherketone (PEEK) composites excellent for aerospace, transportation and civil applications. In this study, PEEK was filled with different densities of HGMs (low, medium, and high) and varied volume fractions (Vf) of HGMs (10%, 15%, and 20%) and exposed to different strain rates to investigate thermal, physical, energy absorption, and other physico-mechanical responses. PEEK/HGMs composites demonstrated a substantial strain rate impact, with the strain rate sensitivity factor increasing as the strain rate increased while decreasing as the filler Vf increased. The density of the composites was also shown to be inversely related to their strength properties. Incorporating high-density HGMs into the PEEK resulted in the lowest composite density so far reported while ensuring mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the HGM dispersion is uniform inside the matrix. Thermal stability of the syntactic foam was investigated by using Thermo Gravity Analysis (TGA) under inert atmosphere and oxidative environment conditions. The infusion of microspheres enhances the thermal stability of LDPEs, MDPEs, and HDPEs samples in an inert environment, with HDPEs samples being the most thermally stable. This might lead to the formation of a strong bond between polymer chains and HGM particles.

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Studies on High Density Polyethylene Reinforced with Phosphate Ore Particles: Thermal, Rheological, Mechanical and Morphological Properties

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Three-Dimensional Printed Lightweight Composite Foams

Three-Dimensional Printed Lightweight Composite Foams

Investigation on strain rate sensitivity of 3D printed sPEEK-HAP/rGO composites

Investigation of Additively Manufactured PEEK Modified With Glass Microballons as a Function of Density and Volume Fraction

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