Studies on hepatic lipidosis and coinciding health and fertility problems of high‐producing dairy cows using the “Utrecht fatty liver model of dairy cows”. A review

Geelen, M.J.H.; Wensing, Theo

doi:10.1080/01652176.2006.9695214

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…It is reported that intake restriction resulted in a significant decrease of blood glucose concentration in cattle [12,13], in diary cows [14], deer [4] and horse [15]. Furthermore, previous studies also showed that reduced feed consumption resulted in metabolic disorder in cattle, sheep, deer, ilama, and rats [3,4,5,6], disturbance of acid-base balance of body fluids [7], and hepatic lipidosis [8]. Furthermore, the ADG of of the Kacang goats during the refeeding period was 0.11±0.05 kg/day and showed that the body weight of the Kacang goats increased significantly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies showed that reduced feed or protein consumption resulted in metabolic disorder in cattle, sheep, deer, ilama, and rats indicated by alteration of some blood chemistry profiles, such as glucose, lipid and protein [3,4,5,6] and in disturbance of acid-base balance of body fluids [7]. Moreover, study in cattle revealed that feed restriction might lead to the occurrence of hepatic lipidosis [8]. Some blood chemistry parameters can be used as indicators of nutritional or metabolic status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some blood chemistry parameters can be used as indicators of nutritional or metabolic status. Determination of blood chemistry parameters such as glucose, total protein, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium are useful in assessment of nutritional status in cattle [8]. Until now, the biological respons of the Indonesian native Kacang goats to inadequate and adequate feed intake were not yet been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters in Kacang goats

Widiyono¹,

Sarmin²,

Putro³

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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ARTICLES YOU MAY BE INTERESTED INChitosan-gelatine membrane construct with different cinnamaldehyde concentration as drug delivery system in oral cavity AIP Conference Proceedings 1755, 160006 (2016) Abstract. Influence of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters in Kacang goats was studied. Nine clinically healthy female adult goats were used in this study. Animals were kept in individual box for 8 weeks. During the first 4 weeks the animals were fed at the level of about 40% of the feed requirement for maintenance plus medium activity (the restricted feeding period) and during the 5 th -8 th week (the fullfeeding period) they were offered full feed intake for maintenance plus medium activity (dry matter intake at the level of 3% of body weight). Feed intake was measured daily and the body weight was measured weekly. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 4 th week and the 8 th week for blood chemistry analyses. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the effects of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters. Restricted feeding (0.320±0.065 kg dry matter/d) for 4 weeks in clinically healthy female adult Kacang goats resulted in a decrease of body weight gain as well as serum calcium and protein concentrations, but in an increase of serum creatinine and inorganic phosphate concentrations. No significant feed intake related changings of blood pH and base excess were observed. There were some indications that the animals might use their fat and protein as energy reserves during the restricted feeding. In conclusion, nutritional status has significant influence on some blood chemistry parameters in Indonesian Kacang goats. Serum calcium, inorganic phosphate, creatinine, and protein concentrations are nutritionally related blood metabolits which are useful for assessment of nutritional status in Kacang goats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters in Kacang goats

Widiyono¹,

Sarmin²,

Putro³

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…An extreme lipid mobilization from adipose tissues that exceeds the metabolizing capacity of the liver can affect cellular integrity and function of the liver, finally being reflected in elevated concentrations of enzymes that indicate liver injury (AST, GGT and GLDH) as well as bile constituents like bilirubin and bile acids in the blood (Bobe et al, 2004;Geelen and Wensing, 2006). Furthermore, increased concentrations of liver TAG are accompanied by decreased concentrations of structural lipids, like free cholesterol (Bobe et al, 2004).…”

Section: Lipolysis In Periparturient Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic adaptation and reticuloruminal pH in periparturient dairy cows experiencing different lipolysis early postpartum

Humer

Khol-Parisini

Grüber

et al. 2016

Animal

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Metabolic adaptation includes an array of concerted metabolic and endocrine events that enable dairy cows bridging the period of energy deficit at the onset of lactation. The present study evaluated metabolic, endocrine and reticuloruminal pH changes in 30 (25 Holstein and five Simmental) periparturient dairy cows experiencing variable lipolysis early postpartum. Cows were fed the same close-up and fresh lactation diets and kept in the same management conditions. Blood samples were collected at day 14, and day 4, relative to expected parturition, and at day 2, and day 21 postpartum, and serum metabolites and hormones related to glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as concentrations of several liver enzymes and acute phase proteins were determined. Additionally, reticuloruminal pH was monitored every 10 min over the last 3 days of the observation period. BW and milk yields were recorded and balances of energy and protein were assessed. Based on serum concentration of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) postpartum, cows were retrospectively classified into low (n = 8), medium (n = 11), and high (n = 11) lipolysis groups, with NEFA levels of <0.4 mmol/l, between 0.4 and 0.7 mmol/l, and >0.7 mmol/l, respectively. Overall, elevated NEFA concentrations in the High group went along with a higher ratio of NEFA to cholesterol and reduced insulin sensitivity. While serum glucose, energy deficit and BW loss did not differ, cows of the High group exhibited increased lactate concentrations in the serum, compared with the Medium group. No differences in liver enzymes and acute phase proteins were evidenced among fat mobilization groups, whereas concentration of serum billirubin was lowest in the Low group after parturition. Data of milk yield and milk energy output showed no differences among groups, despite divergences in calculated energy balance and BW change postpartum. Cows of the Low group tended to increase dry matter intake but also showed longer time duration of pH below 6.0 in the reticulorumen (on average 299 min/day compared with 99 and 91 min/day for Medium and High groups, respectively). Differences in metabolic, endocrine and reticuloruminal pH responses indicate diverse metabolic adaptation strategies of early-lactation cows to cope with energy deficit postpartum.Keywords: transition dairy cow, fat mobilization, energy metabolism, energy balance, milk production ImplicationsSmooth metabolic adaptation and maintaining rumen health are highly important during the transition period in dairy cows. This study monitored changes in metabolic and endocrine responses and reticuloruminal pH in periparturient dairy cows that experienced different degrees of lipolysis early postpartum. The findings of different metabolic adaptation strategies to cope with the energy deficit postpartum and the differences regarding reticuloruminal pH indicate a role of rumen fermentation in the metabolic adaptation of dairy cows. This implies that it is necessary to find a proper balance between prevention of rumen fermentation disorders an...

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“…Many studies have investigated metabolic changes during the transition period, and how prenatal nutrition and feeding management in early lactation and infectious stressors can affect the metabolism (Grummer, 1993;Drackley et al, 2001;Geelen and Wensing, 2006). In addition, differences between cows for metabolic regulation in the transition period could be explained by parity (van Dorland et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in fat mobilization during early lactation differently affects feed intake, body condition, and lipid and glucose metabolism in high-yielding dairy cows

Weber

Hametner

Tuchscherer

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

164

161

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Fat mobilization to meet energy requirements during early lactation is inevitable because of insufficient feed intake, but differs greatly among high-yielding dairy cows. Therefore, we studied milk production, feed intake, and body condition as well as metabolic and endocrine changes in high-yielding dairy cows to identify variable strategies in metabolic and endocrine adaptation to overcome postpartum metabolic load attributable to milk production. Cows used in this study varied in fat mobilization around calving, as classified by mean total liver fat concentrations (LFC) postpartum. German Holstein cows (n = 27) were studied from dry off until d 63 postpartum in their third lactation. All cows were fed the same total mixed rations ad libitum during the dry period and lactation. Plasma concentrations of metabolites and hormones were measured in blood samples taken at d 56, 28, 15, and 5 before expected calving and at d 1 and once weekly up to d 63 postpartum. Liver biopsies were taken on d 56 and 15 before calving, and on d 1, 14, 28, and 49 postpartum to measure LFC and glycogen concentrations. Cows were grouped accordingly to mean total LFC on d 1, 14, and 28 in high, medium, and low fat-mobilizing cows. Mean LFC (±SEM) differed among groups and were 351 ± 14, 250 ± 10, and 159 ± 9 mg/g of dry matter for high, medium, and low fat-mobilizing cows, respectively, whereas hepatic glycogen concentrations postpartum were the highest in low fat-mobilizing cows. Cows in the low group showed the highest dry matter intake and the least negative energy balance postpartum, but energy-corrected milk yield was similar among groups. The decrease in body weight postpartum was greatest in high fat-mobilizing cows, but the decrease in backfat thickness was greatest in medium fat-mobilizing cows. Plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate were highest around calving in high fat-mobilizing cows. Plasma triglycerides were highest in the medium group and plasma cholesterol concentrations were lowest in the high group at calving. During early lactation, the decrease in plasma glucose concentrations was greatest in the high group, and plasma insulin concentrations postpartum were highest in the low group. The revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index values decreased during the transition period and postpartum, and were highest in the medium group. Plasma cortisol concentrations during the transition period and postpartum period and plasma leptin concentrations were highest in the medium group. In conclusion, cows adapted differently to the metabolic load and used variable strategies for homeorhetic regulation of milk production. Differences in fat mobilization were part of these strategies and contributed to the individual adaptation of energy metabolism to milk production.

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Studies on hepatic lipidosis and coinciding health and fertility problems of high‐producing dairy cows using the “Utrecht fatty liver model of dairy cows”. A review

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Influence of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters in Kacang goats

Influence of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters in Kacang goats

Metabolic adaptation and reticuloruminal pH in periparturient dairy cows experiencing different lipolysis early postpartum

Variation in fat mobilization during early lactation differently affects feed intake, body condition, and lipid and glucose metabolism in high-yielding dairy cows

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