Studies on fertilization of field-grown irrigated alfalfa

Kafkafi, U.; Yoles, D.; Noy, Y. Ian

doi:10.1007/bf00693123

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The small yield increases obtained in this study (2.8 Mg DM ha −1 in 4 yr) are similar to the responses reported by others on soils high in K (Jones et al, 1974; Havlin et al, 1984; Barbarick, 1985). The yield increases in our study were lower than the increases reported by Kafkafi et al (1977) in Mediterranean conditions. They increased DM yields from 15.2 Mg ha −1 with 0 K fertilization to 20.9 Mg ha −1 with 498 kg K ha −1 in a soil with an initial K content of about 180 mg K kg −1…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…In France, Ballif and Duthil (1976) obtained the highest alfalfa DM yields with applications of 166 and 325 kg K ha −1 yr −1 , raising the 2‐yr DM production from 15.4 Mg ha −1 to 17.6 Mg ha −1 Soil exchangeable K levels in the top 20 cm of nonfertilized plots were reduced from 270 to 80 mg kg −1 Higher responses to K were reported by Kafkafi et al (1977), in irrigated eastern Mediterranean conditions, where yields were raised from 15.2 Mg ha −1 with 0 K to 20.9 Mg DM ha −1 with applications of 316 kg K ha −1 in a soil with initial K values of about 180 mg K kg −1…”

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confidence: 98%

“…Although it is known that alfalfa can remove large amounts of K in intensive production systems, there are limited data on K fertilization from areas with high soil K levels (Havlin et al, 1984) or long growing seasons with alfalfa dormancy ratings of 8 and 9 and crop yields of 20 to 25 Mg ha −1 yr −1 under irrigation (Dovrat, 1993; Kafkafi et al, 1977; Lloveras et al, 1998).…”

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Potassium Fertilization Effects on Alfalfa in a Mediterranean Climate

et al. 2001

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kg Ϫ1 , using short-season dormant or semidormant cultivars with reported annual DM yields of alfalfa that Potassium fertilization rates for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) have ranged generally between 10 and 15 Mg ha Ϫ1 in three been increasing with intensive cropping systems or decreasing with policies that generally lead to reduced fertilizer inputs. In this case, to four harvests per season (Markus and Battle, 1965; nutrient buildup or maintenance of high soil test levels may not be Lutz, 1973; Smith, 1975; Rominger et al., 1976; Fixen desirable and drawdown of K reserves may be beneficial in the short and Ludwick, 1983; Barbarick, 1985; Alva et al., 1986; term. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of Sheaffer et al., 1986; Burmester et al., 1991; Razmjoo potassium fertilization of alfalfa in areas of high soil exchangeable K and Henderlong, 1997). The reported results of these levels and long growing seasons. A field experiment was established trials show that the effects to the applications of K varied under irrigation from 1993 to 1997 in the Mediterranean environment with production practices, growing conditions, and soil of the Ebro Valley (Spain) on a silty clay loam soil. The treatments K contents, ranging from no DM yield response with were five annual rates of K (0, 41.5, 83, 166, and 332 kg K ha Ϫ1 ) and the application of 300 kg K ha Ϫ1 with a soil test level two rates of K (166 and 332 kg K ha Ϫ1 ) applied prior to seeding on of 75 mg K kg Ϫ1 (Lutz, 1973) to a maximum response two alfalfa cultivars. The average annual dry matter (DM) yield was 21.5 Mg ha Ϫ1 and showed a small linear response to K fertilization with the application 448 kg K ha Ϫ1 for a soil with extract-(Pr Ͼ F ϭ 0.0589). Total K removal in the herbage increased linearly able K of 55 mg K kg Ϫ1 (Rominger et al., 1976). These with each rate of K and reached 1728 kg K ha Ϫ1 with the application studies show that in general, K application increased of 332 kg K ha Ϫ1 yr Ϫ1 , compared with 1546 kg K ha Ϫ1 without K plant and soil K concentrations. fertilization. At the end of the experiment, soil ammonium acetateAlthough a survey of soil fertility and forage manageextractable K (K e ) increased little with K rates, and the differences ment specialists indicates that additional K is rarely were observed only in the first 30 cm of depth. Despite the uptake recommended when the concentration of exchangeable of 1546 kg K ha Ϫ1 , soil K e values did not change appreciably, suggesting K is greater than 300 kg ha Ϫ1 (about 150 mg K kg Ϫ1 ) in that much of the K uptake was derived from the fertilizer and from

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 94%

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confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

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Potassium Fertilization Effects on Alfalfa in a Mediterranean Climate

et al. 2001

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“…To date, research from other geographical areas remains scarce, and limited data are available regarding K fertilization in irrigated, high‐yielding, Mediterranean environments and in areas with long growing seasons. These areas typically have alfalfa dormancy ratings of 8 and 9 and crop yields of 20 to 25 Mg ha −1 yr −1 under irrigation (Dovrat, 1993; Kafkafi et al, 1977; Lloveras et al, 1998). In Mediterranean areas of southern Europe, the present recommendations of between 200 and 350 kg K ha −1 yr −1 are based normally on the amounts of K removed by the crop (Le Gall et al, 1992).…”

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Alfalfa Yield Components and Soil Potassium Depletion as Affected by Potassium Fertilization

et al. 2012

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Potassium fertilization recommendations for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) vary depending on the area of production, soil levels, and crop management. Th e objectives of this study were to determine the impact of K fertilization on irrigated alfalfa yield, yield components, and soil exchangeable K (K e ) values in a Mediterranean climate. A fi eld experiment was conducted during a period of 4 yr (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) in Spain, on a soil with moderate levels of K e (161 mg K kg -1 ). Th e treatments applied were fi ve annual rates of K (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg K ha -1 ). Total 4-yr dry matter (DM) yields averaged 74.9 Mg ha -1 without diff erences between K fertilizer rates, although the unfertilized control produced the lowest DM yields. Th e 4-yr crop uptake of K reached 1738 kg ha -1 with the application of 400 kg K ha -1 yr -1 , and 756 kg K ha -1 for the 0 K fertilization. Th e removal was greater than the K applied. Th e results suggest that large amounts of K should not be applied to alfalfa because the crop uses excess K without increasing yield. Soil K e concentrations decreased every year for all K rates except for the highest treatment of 400 kg K ha -1 yr -1 . Lack of K fertilization did not aff ect stand density but the shoot weight was the yield component most closely related to K fertilization. * Signifi cant at the 0.05 level; ns, not signifi cant. ** Signifi cant at the 0.01 level. † Year and K rate main effects and the Year × K rate interaction for the period (2002-2005) were signifi cant at the 0.01 level. ‡ LSD(0.05) value for the year effect is 0.55 Mg ha -1 . * Signifi cant at the 0.05 level; ns, not signifi cant. ** Signifi cant at the 0.01 level. † Year and K rate main effects and the Year × K rate interaction for the period 2003-2005 were signifi cant at the 0.01 level. ‡ LSD(0.05) for year effect on K concentration is 1.0 g kg -1 and for K removal is 23 kg ha -1 .

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“…Os resultados de produção de massa de matéria seca da alfafa com aumentos entre 29 e 40% confirmam os obtidos por SMITH (1975), KAFKAFI et al (1977), RANDO e SILVEIRA (1995), RASSINI e FREITAS (1998) e BERNARDI et al (2013) que também observaram aumentos na produção com os incrementos nas doses de K. Os efeitos positivos da calagem também eram esperados, uma vez que, entre as leguminosas, a alfafa é a mais exigente em pH alto do solo, sendo sua faixa ótima de 6,5 a 7,5 (HONDA e HONDA, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Produção, estado nutricional e qualidade da alfafa sob pastejo e ocorrência de plantas daninhas em resposta à calagem, gessagem e adubação potássica

Bernardi¹,

Cardoso²,

Mota³

et al. 2013

B. Indústr. Anim.

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RESUMO: A alfafa é uma planta extremamente exigente em fertilidade, e os desbalanços na correção do solo e adubação podem levar a perda de vigor do alfafal, originando o desenvolvimento agressivo de plantas daninhas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação no solo de calcário, gesso e potássio na produção de massa de matéria seca, estado nutricional, qualidade da alfafa e na ocorrência de plantas daninhas. Os resultados indicaram que as práticas da calagem, associada à gessagem e as adubações com potássio podem contribuir decisivamente no aumento da longevidade do alfafal. As maiores repostas da alfafa à adubação potássica ocorreram na maior saturação por bases (V = 80%) do solo. Foi também observada a tendência de diminuição da ocorrência de plantas daninhas com a melhora da fertilidade do solo. A qualidade nutricional da forrageira não foi afetada pelos tratamentos.Palavras-chave: Medicago sativa, calcário, gesso. YIELD, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND QUALITY OF ALFALFA UNDER GRAZING AND WEED OCCURRENCE IN RESPONSE TO LIMING, GYPSUM AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATIONABSTRACT: Alfalfa is extremely demanding in fertility, calcium and fertilizer unbalance of soil can lead to loss of alfalfa vigor, causing the development of aggressive weeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil amendment with lime and gypsum and potassium fertilizer on the alfalfa dry matter production, nutritional status and quality and weed occurrence. The results indicated that the practices associated with the lime and gypsum and fertilization with potassium can contribute substantially to the increased longevity of alfalfa. The major responses of alfalfa to potassium fertilization occurred in the highest soil base saturation (V = 80%). A trend of decreasing the occurrence of weeds with the improvement of soil fertility was also observed.The forage nutritional quality was not affected by treatments.

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Studies on fertilization of field-grown irrigated alfalfa

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Potassium Fertilization Effects on Alfalfa in a Mediterranean Climate

Potassium Fertilization Effects on Alfalfa in a Mediterranean Climate

Alfalfa Yield Components and Soil Potassium Depletion as Affected by Potassium Fertilization

Produção, estado nutricional e qualidade da alfafa sob pastejo e ocorrência de plantas daninhas em resposta à calagem, gessagem e adubação potássica

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