Studies on dimensional stability and thermal properties of rubber wood chemically modified with styrene and glycidyl methacrylate

Devi, Rajlakshmi; Maji, Tarun K.; Banerjee, Amar Nath

doi:10.1002/app.20657

Cited by 48 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Different commercially available vinyl monomers, among which are acrylonitrile, glycidyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethylene methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylamide or acrylonitrile have been investigated (Mathias and Wright 1989;Şolpan and Güven 1998;1999a, b, c, d;Devi et al 2004;Zhang et al 2006;Ajji 2006;Devi and Maji 2007;Kumar et al 2008;Li et al 2010). According to the nature of the monomer used, polymerisation can take place either in the cell lumens, in the cell wall or in both (Mathias and Wright 1989;Schneider 1995;Cleland et al 2009).…”

Section: Other Treatments Based On Impregnation Of Thermoset Resins Omentioning

confidence: 99%

New alternatives for wood preservation based on thermal and chemical modification of wood— a review

Gérardin

2015

Annals of Forest Science

193

126

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Key message Increasing environmental pressures appearing over the last few years have led to important changes in the field of wood protection. In this context, new technologies, based either on thermal or chemical modifications, suggest increasing interest in prospect of programmed ban of biocide products.• Context The evolution of the regulations on the use of biocide products has led to important changes in the field of wood preservation, leading to an increasing interest for non-biocide treatments like thermal or chemical modifications to face to the programmed ban of biocide products.• Aims The paper reviews the different non-biocide alternatives developed currently on an industrial scale, highlighting their main characteristics and applications.• Results Different treatments have been developed on an industrial scale involving mainly thermal modifications and acetylation, furfurylation and DMDHEU constituting already available solutions.• Conclusion Different non-biocide alternatives already exist and will become more important in the next decades due to the increasing legislative pressure driven by environmental considerations.

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Section: Other Treatments Based On Impregnation Of Thermoset Resins Omentioning

confidence: 99%

New alternatives for wood preservation based on thermal and chemical modification of wood— a review

Gérardin

2015

Annals of Forest Science

193

126

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“…The anti-swell efficiency (ASE) index was determined to evaluate dimensional stability of treated wood specimens and calculated according to the procedure described in the literature 21 .…”

Section: Anti-swelling Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ polymerized wood polymer composite: effect of additives and nanoclay on the thermal, mechanical properties

Devi

Maji

2013

Mat. Res.

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This study concerns the preparation and characterization of wood polymer nanocomposites based on impregnation of styrene acrylonitrile co-polymer-nanoclay intercalating system in presence of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), a cross linking agent, and vinyl trichloro silane (VTCS) as additives into Simul (Bombex ceiba, L.), a soft wood. The effect of nanoclay and VTCS on the properties of the resultant wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNC) has been evaluated. FTIR spectroscopy shows the interaction among wood, polymers, GMA, nanoclay and VTCS. The penetration of polymer and nanoclay into the wood cell wall is supported by SEM study. The distribution of nanoclay in the SAN polymer matrix present within the wood cell wall has been evidenced by TEM study. TGA results show an improvement in the thermostability of the resultant composites. The inclusion of VTCS enhances the self extinguishing behaviour of the WPNC as revealed by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. Due to treatment, the resultant WPNC exhibits an improvement in all the properties like water repellancy, dimensional stability, hardness, flexural, tensile and thermal stability compared to untreated wood.

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“…Tal fato vai de encontro com o observado por Devi et al [31] e Devi e Maji [32] , ao utilizarem o GMA como aditivo no tratamento da madeira com estireno. Os autores observaram um ligeiro aumento na T i , alterando de 277 °C da madeira não tratada para 280, 283 e 288°C para os compósitos com estireno, estireno-GMA (2:1) e estireno-GMA (1:1), respectivamente.…”

Section: Figura 2 Espectros De Atr-ir Para Os Polímeros (A) Madeiraunclassified

“…A massa residual a 600°C (MR) dos compósitos foi intermediária à dos polímeros e madeira controle, como previamente reportado por Devi e Maji [32] , Devi et al [31] e Li et al [30] . Entre os compósitos, a MR diminuiu com o aumento da fração de GMA ou MAA, corroborando que a ligação química entre copolímeros (menos estáveis termicamente) e madeira acarreta em uma degradação térmica simultânea, considerando a baixa MR dos polímeros.…”

Section: Figura 2 Espectros De Atr-ir Para Os Polímeros (A) Madeiraunclassified

Compósitos polímero-madeira preparados por polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato usando aditivos bifuncionais

et al. 2015

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ResumoO presente trabalho teve por objetivo a confecção de compósitos polímero-madeira por meio de polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato (MMA), utilizando ácido metacrílico (MAA) e glicidil metacrilato (GMA) como agentes de ligação e reticulação. Amostras de madeira de guapuruvu foram impregnadas em um sistema de vácuo e pressão e polimerizadas em estufa a 90°C por 10h, usando 1,5% de peroxido de benzoíla como catalisador. Os compósitos foram caracterizados por meio de testes de absorção de água e estabilidade dimensional, molhabilidade, ATR-IR, TGA, MEV e WPG. Os espectros de ATR-IR mostraram incrementos nas bandas a 1746, 1460, e 1145 cm -1 , referentes as estruturas químicas dos polímeros dentro da madeira, confirmado posteriormente pelas imagens de MEV. A termogravimetria apontou reações químicas entre os copolímeros e a parede celular da madeira nos compósitos com GMA e MAA. Os compósitos preparados com MMA apresentaram incrementos acima de 50% nas propriedades higroscópicas e de estabilidade dimensional, entretanto a adição de GMA e MAA resultou em maiores incrementos nas mesmas propriedades, entre 66-90%. Palavras-chave: polimerização por radicais livres, Schizolobium parahyba, catálise térmica, reticulantes, agentes de ligação. AbstractWe prepared wood/polymer composites by in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) as cross-linkers and coupling agents. The guapuruvu wood samples were impregnated in a vacuum/pressure system and polymerized at 90 °C for 10 h, using benzoyl peroxide at 1.5 wt % as catalyst. We characterized the composites through water uptake, dimensional stability tests, wettability, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, SEM, and WPG. ATR-FTIR spectra showed an increase of the peaks at 1746, 1460, and 1145 cm -1 , corresponding to the chemical structures of the polymers into the pores and capillaries of the wood. This was further confirmed in the SEM images. TGA curves showed evidences for a chemical interaction between the copolymer and the wood cell wall in the composites with GMA and MAA. Hygroscopicity and dimensional stability properties of the composites prepared with MMA improved by 50%. Nevertheless, the addition of GMA and MAA resulted in additional increases for hydrophobicity and dimensional stability of the samples, ~ 66 -90%.

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Studies on dimensional stability and thermal properties of rubber wood chemically modified with styrene and glycidyl methacrylate

Cited by 48 publications

References 13 publications

New alternatives for wood preservation based on thermal and chemical modification of wood— a review

New alternatives for wood preservation based on thermal and chemical modification of wood— a review

In situ polymerized wood polymer composite: effect of additives and nanoclay on the thermal, mechanical properties

Compósitos polímero-madeira preparados por polimerização in situ de metil metacrilato usando aditivos bifuncionais

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