Studies on contamination level of aflatoxins in some cereals and beans of Pakistan

Lutfullah, Ghosia; Hussain, Arshad

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.06.004

Cited by 86 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…One such survey on bakers' flour revealed up to 68.5% contamination with mycotoxigenic pathogens (Kazemi et al 2013a). Similar surveys by Lutfullah and Hussain (2012) in different locations of Pakistan depicted that 30% sorghum and 40% maize consumed in that country were contaminated with aflatoxins, with deposits of up to13.0µg/kg detected in the maize samples. In Africa and Asia, Kazemi et al (2014) revealed that A. niger and A. flavus have been implicated in the toxic deterioration of 30.97 million MT of peanuts and pistachios on annual basis.…”

Section: Mycotoxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxins Detected In Some Agricultsupporting

confidence: 55%

Mycotoxins in Stored Agricultural Products: Implications to Food Safety and Health and Prospects of Plant-derived Pesticides as Novel Approach to their Management

Enyiukwu¹,

Awurum²,

Nwaneri³

2014

GJMA

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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites from some species of Aspergillus, Fusarium Penicillium and their related fungi. Their contamination results generally in inferior quality of produce and produce end-products, food safety and ultimately barriers trans-border marketability of agro-produce. Though the presence of mycotoxigenic fungus on produce does not always translate to presence of mycotoxins; however, mycotoxins are silent killers and their effects could be submerged over a long period of time especially during intermittent exposures. These fungal toxins when ingested or inhaled participate in several metabolic dysfunctions in human and livestock systems such as immunological imbalance, cancers, allergies, abortions and in some cases death of the affected hosts. Conditions of high temperatures and relative humidity coupled with poor store standards and hygiene which characterized tropical subsistence farmsteads encourage mouldiness and mycotoxin contamination of agricultural products. The mycotoxins of most agricultural importance (aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes) were enumerated in this review while their management strategies were also highlighted; with emphasis on plant-derived antimycotoxigenic interventions useable in low-input agricultural production systems of sub-Saharan Africa.

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Section: Mycotoxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxins Detected In Some Agricultsupporting

confidence: 55%

Mycotoxins in Stored Agricultural Products: Implications to Food Safety and Health and Prospects of Plant-derived Pesticides as Novel Approach to their Management

Enyiukwu¹,

Awurum²,

Nwaneri³

2014

GJMA

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“…13 It is similar to the observation of Anvari and his colleagues and Whincup et al who concluded that the prevalence of CHD in blood group O was markedly higher than in all other blood groups which were in contrast with other studies done in Europe and United States. 6,14 Yet another group of scientists found no difference between the different blood group frequencies in MI patients [15][16][17][18][19] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between ABO Blood Groups And Myocardial Infarction In Jodhpur City of India

Garg

Kumar

Choudhary³

et al. 2012

J Bangladesh Soc Physiol

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Background: Many reports have appeared in recent years showing an association between blood groups and Myocardial Infarction. Clinical studies have shown a significant association between MI and blood group B. Objective: To investigate correlation of ABO blood groups with risk of MI. Methods: The present cross sectional study analyzed ABO blood group among total 400 subjects of any age from the local population of Jodhpur city from July to December 2011.Among them 200 subjects were normal healthy(135 male and 65 female) students of Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur and another 200(135male, 65female) were MI patients admitted in the CCU of Mathura Das Memorial(MDM) Hospital, Jodhpur. ABO blood group of all subjects were determined by slide agglutination method. Risk of MI was expressed by risk ratio. Data were analyzed by one sample chi square test. Results: The results obtained in this study showed that the prevalence of MI in blood group B is significantly higher than in all other ABO blood groups. Conclusion: The results may conclude that there is a significant association between MI and blood group B. So this study reveals MI risk is associated with the blood group B.

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“…Pagnussatt, Bretanha, Sílvia, Garda‐Buffon, and Badiale‐Furlong (2013) also mentioned that the synergistic effect of different compounds in beans can contribute to a defense barrier against development of toxigenic species. Literature reports a few instances of aflatoxins in red kidney beans, split peas, chickpea, and cowpea such as in Pakistan (Lutfullah & Hussain, 2012). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of aflatoxin in agricultural produce from local markets in Burundi and Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Udomkun

Mutegi

Wossen

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Aflatoxins are noxious secondary metabolites, of certain fungal species, found in food and feed. Contamination of a commodity with aflatoxins is associated with production and storage losses, and subsequently less food availability. Aflatoxins can also pose human health risks and represent a barrier to the development of trade, in both domestic and international markets. In this study, samples of cassava, maize, groundnut, beans, soybean, sorghum and milk, and their processed products were collected from local markets in Burundi and Eastern DRC. In order to investigate the levels of aflatoxin, crop samples were analyzed using a single step lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (Reveal Q+), while enzyme‐linked immune‐sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze aflatoxin‐M1 in milk, yogurt, and cheese samples. The results revealed the presence of aflatoxins in all samples from both countries, with levels ranging from 1.3 to 2,410 μg/kg. Samples collected from Burundi contained relatively higher (p > 0.0.5) levels of aflatoxins. In 51% of all the crops samples, total aflatoxin contamination was above the EU maximum tolerable level of 4 μg/kg. Processed products, particularly from groundnut, maize, and sorghum, had the highest levels of aflatoxin contamination when compared to unprocessed grain. With regard to milk and dairy products, the level of aflatoxin‐M1 ranged from 4.8 to 261.1 ng/kg. Approximately 29% of milk and yogurt samples had aflatoxin‐M1 higher than the EU regulatory limit of 50 ng/kg, whereas 20% of cheese samples were found to be contaminated at levels higher than the maximum limit of 250 ng/kg. These results can serve as the basis for pre‐ and postharvest approaches to reduce aflatoxin contamination in agricultural commodities in Burundi and Eastern DRC in order to reduce health risk, avoid reduced production in livestock, and open up export markets.

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Studies on contamination level of aflatoxins in some cereals and beans of Pakistan

Cited by 86 publications

References 27 publications

Mycotoxins in Stored Agricultural Products: Implications to Food Safety and Health and Prospects of Plant-derived Pesticides as Novel Approach to their Management

Mycotoxins in Stored Agricultural Products: Implications to Food Safety and Health and Prospects of Plant-derived Pesticides as Novel Approach to their Management

Association Between ABO Blood Groups And Myocardial Infarction In Jodhpur City of India

Occurrence of aflatoxin in agricultural produce from local markets in Burundi and Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

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