Background: Many reports have appeared in recent years showing an association between blood groups and Myocardial Infarction. Clinical studies have shown a significant association between MI and blood group B. Objective: To investigate correlation of ABO blood groups with risk of MI. Methods: The present cross sectional study analyzed ABO blood group among total 400 subjects of any age from the local population of Jodhpur city from July to December 2011.Among them 200 subjects were normal healthy(135 male and 65 female) students of Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur and another 200(135male, 65female) were MI patients admitted in the CCU of Mathura Das Memorial(MDM) Hospital, Jodhpur. ABO blood group of all subjects were determined by slide agglutination method. Risk of MI was expressed by risk ratio. Data were analyzed by one sample chi square test. Results: The results obtained in this study showed that the prevalence of MI in blood group B is significantly higher than in all other ABO blood groups. Conclusion: The results may conclude that there is a significant association between MI and blood group B. So this study reveals MI risk is associated with the blood group B.

Background: Today opium dependence is widely prevalent in certain states of India, especially Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh (MP) etc. In rural areas of western Rajasthan crude opium is consumed with a social acceptance by a notable proportion (8.0%) of adult male population. Later on they become addicted to it. Objective: to observe the changes in some liver and lung function parameters in opium addicted subjects of Barmer city of Western Rajasthan. Methods:The present study was conducted in district hospital of Barmer, Rajasthan. Total fifty (50) adult male subjects with age ranged from 30 to 50 years were participated in this study. Among them 25 were opium addicted and were considered as study group (Group B) and another 25 apparently healthy adult male of same age group were designated as control group (Group A). Opium addicts were consuming about 5-11 gm/day opium for >2 years. Then liver function tests were evaluated by estimating serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase and lung function tests by measuring FVC, FEV 1 , FEV 1 /FVC% , PEF, FEF 25-75% of both the groups. Results: In this study AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase levels were found significantly (p<.05) higher in group B as compared to those of group A. Again, FVC, FEV 1 , FEV 1 / FVC were significantly (p<.05) lower in group B as compared to those of group A. PEF (L/sec) and FEF 25-75% were also significantly (p<0.001) lower in group B as compared to those of group A. Conclusion: it is concluded that chronic long term use of opium, increases the risk of hepatic and pulmonary damage.

Patients with breast cancer along with metastatic estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR)- and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative tumors are referred to as having metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) disease. Resistance to current standard therapies such as anthracyclines or taxanes limits the available options for previously treated patients with metastatic TNBC to a small number of non-cross-resistant regimens, and there is currently no preferred standard chemotherapy. Clinical experience suggests that many women with triple-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) relapse quickly. Expert oncologist discussed about new chemotherapeutic strategies and agents used in treatment of mTNBC and the expert group used data from published literature, practical experience and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists to arrive at this practical consensus recommendations for the benefit of community oncologists.

Background: To enhance successful communication medical teachers are increasingly using different visual aids. Objective: To determine medical students perception of different visual aids like black board (BB), over head projector transparencies (OHPT) and, LCD and to generate recommendations for their optimal use. Methods: A questionnaire based study was carried out among first year MBBS students of Government Medical College, Kota, India. The survey was undertaken among 84 Medical students of first year MBBS of batch 2008 after exposing them to different visual aids like BB, OHPT and LCD in Physiology lectures. A few lectures were absolutely on BB, and some were on OHPT and on LCD. Few classes were taken with mixed visual aids. Students were exposed for such visual aids for one year and then they were requested to complete a questionnaire. Data were statistically analyzed by One Sample Chi-square test. Results: 55 (65.48%) students rated chalk & black board as best visual aids in understanding the topic better as compared to OHPT and LCD (P<0.01). 47 (55.95%) students have good learning experience with black board teaching and it is best mode to note down important points. 56 (66.66%) students favored LCD as more interesting and interactive visual aids (P<0.01). It also complete the lecture faster which was advantageous for 69(82.17%) students. 77 (91.66%) students wanted mixing of different visual aids (P<0.01). Mostly (75%) do not find any difficulty in switching from one mode to another. No significant gender difference was observed. Conclusion: To improve students learning medical teachers should match the lectures with preferred visual aids. It will maintain interest and enthusiasm among pupil.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess lean body mass, body fat percentage, and handgrip strength in the prediction of bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 102 postmenopausal women aged between 45 and 80 years (mean age 58) who were screened for osteoporosis using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan at the lumbar spine. The lean body mass, body fat percentage, and handgrip strength were calculated. Results: The lean body mass, body fat percentage, and handgrip strength were having a positive association (correlation coefficient: 0.48, 0.29, and 0.3, respectively) with BMD. Conclusion: Lean body mass, body fat percentage, and handgrip strength can detect early loss of BMD in postmenopausal women leading to early screening for osteoporosis resulting in early interventions minimizing BMD loss over a much longer period after menopause.