Studies On Characterization Of Corn Cob Based Nanoparticles

Abstract

Corn cobs (central part of maize) are either treated as waste or burnt as fuel causing environmental concern. In order to achieve its value addition in new research areas, corn cob can be processed chemically to find ways to generate new end products with added values at very low price. Cellulose-based nanoparticles (CPNs) have an ability to remain intact in stomach environment and small intestine together with the presence of specific enzymes produced by cellulytic bacteria (ruminococus) for colon biodegradability and makes this biopolymer a suitable raw material for the biomedical field, particularly as a colon-specific drug carrier. Cellulose-based nanoparticles (CPNs) were prepared from corn cob raw material by treating it with sodium hydroxide in the range 0-24% of sodium hydroxide concentration, oven dry basis at 165 o C for 1.5 h at liquor to solid ratio of 4.5:1. The sample obtained at the optimised condition (18% NaOH concentration, oven dry basis of raw materials) was washed with deionised water, disintegrated and filtered through 80 mesh screens. Powder thus obtained was delignified by acidified sodium chlorite and dried in a vacuum oven to constant weight. Dried powder was further separated by 270 mesh screens. An average particle size approximately equal to 22 nm was obtained by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Its crystallinity, functional group and agglomerated particle size was determined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques respectively.

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Kraft Lignins and Lignin-Derived Carbon Nanofibers

“…Such differences could be caused by the difference in the lignin type. The Scherrer's equation is usually used for calculating the mean size of the ordered domains (crystallite): d = 5A//fcos0, where d is the mean size of the ordered domains, B = dimensionless shape factor (value of 0.9 is used [28,29]), 2 = X-ray wavelength (0.154nm for Cu K-oc), and /? = full width at half maximum (FWHM) [30], To measure the FWHM, instru mental broadening effect should be subtracted from the data.…”

Devastated Crops: Multifunctional Efficacy for the Production of Nanoparticles

“…Dried powder was further separated by 270 mesh screens. By this method, an average particle size was approximately equal to 22 nm which was confirmed by TEM [37]. , checked the four pulse crop plants and three cereal crop plants and compared their extracellular synthesis of metallic silver nanoparticles.…”

Optimizing Delivery Characteristics of Curcumin as a Model Drug via Tailoring Mean Diameter Ranges of Cellulose Beads

“…The synthesis procedure used in the current study afforded precise control of the mean diameter of cellulose beads within the ranges of 57 ± 2.3 nm to 200 ± 2.3 nm. In contrast, highly agglomerated cellulose nCBs were reported by Kumar and coworkers [44]. Our synthesis procedure had also avoided the usage of highly corrosive sulfuric acid [35].…”