Studies on Characteristics, Applications and Strength Improvement of Marine Clay: A Review

Saisubramanian, Ramachandiran; Murugaiyan, V.; Sundararajan, T.

doi:10.4236/gep.2019.71008

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Zhang Zhong explained the deviation phenomenon from the perspective of bound water and believed that the non-Darcy seepage in clay was due to the non-Newtonian behavior of pore water [ 7 ]. L. Erge believed that whether Darcy's law applies to clay should be further discussed [ 8 ]. Wang Xiuyan et al believed that the seepage law of saturated clay should be discussed through other paths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Nanoeffect of Penetration and Consolidation under Nonlinear Characteristics of Saturated Soft Clay

Zhao

Wang

Zhang

2022

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to systematically study the nanopermeability properties of saturated soft clay under different consolidation pressures and different osmotic pressures, this paper analyzes various loading and unloading conditions that affect the permeability of soil based on the material description equation with displacement as the control variable of large deformation consolidation theory. By summarizing the empirical relationship between permeability coefficient and consolidation pressure and permeability coefficient and void ratio, the infiltration law and seepage failure characteristics of soft clay are revealed. For the soil studied in this paper, a = 0.65, b = 0.001, and q = 3.55 are acceptable. The effect of the initial permeability coefficient on large deformation consolidation is studied, and the necessity and plausibility of considering the nonlinearity of the compression and permeability coefficient when calculating the soft-land base large deformation consolidation is also studied.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Nanoeffect of Penetration and Consolidation under Nonlinear Characteristics of Saturated Soft Clay

Zhao

Wang

Zhang

2022

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As stated by [7], the application of marine clay as a liner material is one of the most practical and environmentally friendly, where it requires an assessment of its physical qualities, chemical compounds, and mineral composition. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the geotechnical properties of marine clay in Sungai Besar, Selangor, and its potential to be used as a landfill liner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Marine Clay Used for Landfill Liner: A Geotechnical Study

Zarime¹

2023

GEOMATE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increase in excessive solid waste due to the rapid growth of the world's population is considered a severe environmental problem. The landfill leachate will contaminate groundwater, putting all living things at risk. Natural clay is a common liner material used to keep landfill leachate from polluting the environment. This study investigates the geotechnical properties of natural marine clay and its potential to be used as a landfill liner. To investigate the soil properties, the Sungai Besar marine clay (SBMC) was subjected to physico-chemical, morphology and mineralogy properties including particle size distribution, specific gravity, atterberg limits, compaction, permeability, pH, organic content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area (SSA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch Equilibrium Test was conducted to determine the effectiveness of SBMC in adsorbing heavy metals (Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ ). Results showed SBMC has a high percentage of fine grain size (silt 73-87% +clay 12-19 %), lower value of specific gravity (2.14-2.29), high liquid limit (79.50-84.00%), plasticity limit (49.18-59.35 %), plasticity index (20.15-34.22 %) and was categorized at very high plasticity in plasticity indexed chart. The SBMC also has maximum dry density value (1.36-1.37 g/cm 3 ), optimum moisture content, wopt (34.55-37.97 %) and average hydraulic conductivity (6.35 x 10 -7 -6.88 x 10 -7 m/s). The chemical properties of the SBMC1 showed it has a high pH value (6.95-7.42), organic matter (5.31-6.06 %), CEC (91.25-92.32 meq/100g), and SSA value (60.28-62.38 m 2 /g). The XRD results showed that kaolinite, and illite were the most prevalent clay minerals, with quartz as the non-clay mineral. SEM analysis also revealed that kaolinite and microfossils were within the SBMC. The Batch Equilibrium test also showed that SBMC in single solution exhibited higher sorption for Cu (Kd= 0.4499 L/g, R 2 =0.98), followed by Pb (Kd= 0.3701 L/g, R 2 =0.85), Co (Kd= 0.3232 L/g, R 2 = 0. 0.88), Ni (Kd= 0.1483 L/g, R 2 =0.98), Zn (Kd= 0.0711 L/g, R 2 = 0.93) and Cd (Kd= 0.0627 L/g, R 2 = 0.98). Based on physico-chemical, mineralogy and morphology results, SBMC is an excellent choice acting as natural clay-based energy material to be used as an engineered clay liner in a landfill area.

show abstract

“…Also, Saisubramanian et al (2019) studied the effect of coir geotextile reinforcement on the vertical stress distribution in the sand. The test results showed the inclusion of reinforcement can redistribute the applied footing load to a more uniform pattern, hence reducing the stress concentration which will result reduced settlement [7]. Sridhar and Kumar (2018) reported that with use two layers of Geo-textiles on soft clay led to that the shear strength was enhanced substantially.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of Soft Clayey Soil Improved by Fly Ash and Geogrid under Cyclic Loading

Karim¹,

Samueel²,

Jassem³

2020

Civ Eng J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of Cyclic loading on the foundation behaviour of many engineering structures presents more important and related to many problems in geotechnical engineering, Especially when construction on soft ground area which represent one of the major concerns in geotechnical engineering. This paper is conducted to investigate the influence of using several improving techniques as (fly ash, Geo-grid, fly ash and Geo-grid) on the behavior of soft clayey soil subjected to cyclic loading. A total of twenty four models have been tested which consists of a wide domain of boundary conditions, such as untreated model, Geo-grid reinforced models, fly ash treated models and models treated with fly ash incorporated with Geo-grid were conducted by varying parameters such as, footing elevations, test velocity and number of geogrid layers. The analysis demonstrates that the settlement behaviour of footing resting on treated models with fly ash and two Geo-grid layers perform better than other improving techniques. Also observed there was an increase in settlement, which corresponds to the increase in test velocity from 6 to 9 mm/sec. Furthermore, it was conducted that the more depth of footing the soil settlement decreases. In general, when other factors remaining constant, the bearing capacity of soil goes on increasing when the depth increased.

show abstract

Studies on Characteristics, Applications and Strength Improvement of Marine Clay: A Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Research on Nanoeffect of Penetration and Consolidation under Nonlinear Characteristics of Saturated Soft Clay

Research on Nanoeffect of Penetration and Consolidation under Nonlinear Characteristics of Saturated Soft Clay

The Potential of Marine Clay Used for Landfill Liner: A Geotechnical Study

Behaviour of Soft Clayey Soil Improved by Fly Ash and Geogrid under Cyclic Loading

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About