Studies  on  Biodiesel Synthesis Using Nanosilica Immobilised Lipase in Inverse Fluidized Bed Bioreactors

Narayanan, C. M.; Pandey, Aditi

doi:10.24297/jac.v15i1.7108

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…magnetic nanoparticles STR batch [122] snowman-like Fe 3 O 4 /Au nanoparticles STR batch [123] Fe 3 O 4 coated with poly(styrene-methacrylic acid) STR batch [124] electrospun poly(acrylonitrile) PBR continuous [125] nano silicon FBR batch [126] nano silicon reverse fluidized-bed reactor continuous [127] nano silicon PBR continuous [128] Fe The FBR system is a hybrid of both STR and PBR, in which catalysts with smaller particles than PBRs can be used because there is no need to control the pressure. However, traditional FBRs still have problems, such as catalyst settling, because nano-carriers are easily carried away in the reaction mixture, even at very low flow rates.…”

Section: Nano-supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanomaterials for Lipase Immobilization: Promising Industrial Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Hajareh Haghighi,

Binaymotlagh,

Palocci

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid alkyl esters (FAAEs) mainly produced via transesterification reactions among triglycerides and short-chain alcohols catalyzed by chemical catalysts (e.g., KOH, NaOH). Lipase-assisted enzymatic transesterification has been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of chemical synthesis, such as high energy consumption, expensive separation of the catalyst from the reaction mixture and production of large amounts of wastewater during product separation and purification. However, one of the main drawbacks of this process is the enzyme cost. In recent years, nano-immobilized lipases have received extensive attention in the design of robust industrial biocatalysts for biodiesel production. To improve lipase catalytic efficiency, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted growing interest as versatile lipase carriers, owing to their unique properties, such as high surface-to-volume ratio and high enzyme loading capacity, low cost and inertness against chemical and microbial degradation, biocompatibility and eco-friendliness, standard synthetic methods for large-scale production and, most importantly, magnetic properties, which provide the possibility for the immobilized lipase to be easily separated at the end of the process by applying an external magnetic field. For the preparation of such effective magnetic nano-supports, various surface functionalization approaches have been developed to immobilize a broad range of industrially important lipases. Immobilization generally improves lipase chemical-thermal stability in a wide pH and temperature range and may also modify its catalytic performance. Additionally, different lipases can be co-immobilized onto the same nano-carrier, which is a highly effective strategy to enhance biodiesel yield, specifically for those feedstocks containing heterogeneous free fatty acids (FFAs). This review will present an update on the use of magnetic iron oxide nanostructures (MNPs) for lipase immobilization to catalyze transesterification reactions for biodiesel production. The following aspects will be covered: (1) common organic modifiers for magnetic nanoparticle support and (2) recent studies on modified MNPs-lipase catalysts for biodiesel production. Aspects concerning immobilization procedures and surface functionalization of the nano-supports will be highlighted. Additionally, the main features that characterize these nano-biocatalysts, such as enzymatic activity, reusability, resistance to heat and pH, will be discussed. Perspectives and key considerations for optimizing biodiesel production in terms of sustainability are also provided for future studies.

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Section: Nano-supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanomaterials for Lipase Immobilization: Promising Industrial Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Hajareh Haghighi,

Binaymotlagh,

Palocci

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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“…Narayanan and Pandey (2018) utilized the nanosilicon immobilized lipase for the production of biodiesel in an improved reverse fluidized bed bioreactor. They mentioned that a more than 80% conversion rate can be achieved in the bioreactor under optimized conditions [136].…”

Section: Biocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production from Microalgal Oil—A Review

2020

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The depletion of fossil fuel reserves and increased environmental concerns related to fossil fuel production and combustion has forced the global communities to search for renewable fuels. In this regard, microalgae-based biodiesel has been considered as one of the interesting alternatives. Biodiesel production from the cultivation of microalgae is eco-friendly and sustainable. Moreover, microalgae have several advantages over other bioenergy sources, including their good photosynthetic capacity and faster growth rates. The productivity of microalgae per unit land area is also significantly higher than that of terrestrial plants. The produced microalgae biomass is rich with high quality lipids, which can be converted into biodiesel by transesterification reactions. Generally, the transesterification reactions are carried out in the presence of a homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst. The homogeneous catalysts have many disadvantages, including their single use, slow reaction rate and saponification issues due to the presence of fatty acids in the feedstock. The acidic nature of the homogeneous catalysts also causes equipment corrosion. On the other hand, the heterogeneous catalysts offer several advantages, including their reusability, higher reaction rate and selectivity, easy product/catalyst separation and low cost. Due to these facts, the development of solid phase transesterification catalysts have been receiving growing interest. The present review is focused on the use of heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from microalgal oil as a reliable feedstock with a comparison to other available feedstocks. It also highlights optimal reaction conditions for maximum biodiesel yields, reusability of the solid catalysts, cost, and environmental impact. The superior lipid content of microalgae and the efficient concurrent esterification and transesterification of the solid acid−base catalysts can offer new advancements in biodiesel production.

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Biomass Waste and Bioenergy Production: Challenges and Alternatives

Albahnasawi,

Eyvaz,

Alazaiza

et al. 2024

Valorization of Biomass Wastes for Environmental Sustainability

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Studies on Biodiesel Synthesis Using Nanosilica Immobilised Lipase in Inverse Fluidized Bed Bioreactors

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanomaterials for Lipase Immobilization: Promising Industrial Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanomaterials for Lipase Immobilization: Promising Industrial Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Application of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production from Microalgal Oil—A Review

Biomass Waste and Bioenergy Production: Challenges and Alternatives

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