Studies of the Outbreaks of Foot and Mouth Disease in Uttar Pradesh, India, Between 2000 and 2006

Verm, Amit Kumar; Pal, B.C.; Singh, C.P.; Jain, Udit; Yadav, S.K.; Mahima, Mahima

doi:10.3923/aje.2008.40.46

Cited by 18 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Foot-and-mouth-disease is an acute, highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals and is listed as the first Class A infectious disease by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) (Rodriguez and Gay, 2011;Verma et al, 2012;Ding et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2013). FMD can affect cattle, buffalo, pigs, sheep, goats, and approximately 70 species of wild animals (Verma et al, 2008;Teifke et al, 2012;Verma et al, 2012). This disease can be found almost everywhere in the world where animals are raised and causes huge economic losses (Ferrer-Orta et al, 2009;Chakraborty, 2014;Al-Hosary et al, 2019;Kim et al, 2019).…”

Section: Fmd and Fmdvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

et al. 2020

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With the rapid development of single-cell technologies, the mechanisms underlying viral infections and the interactions between hosts and viruses are starting to be explored at the single-cell level. The foot-and-mouth-disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) causes an acute and persistent infection that can result in the break-out of FMD, which can have serious effects on animal husbandry. Single-cell techniques have emerged as powerful approaches to analyze virus infection at the resolution of individual cells. In this review, the existing single-cell studies examining FMDV will be systematically summarized, and the central themes of these studies will be presented.

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Section: Fmd and Fmdvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

et al. 2020

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A retrospective study on the epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease in Bhutan

Dukpa

Robertson

Edwards

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A retrospective study on the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Bhutan, between the years 1996 and 2008, based on the data collected through passive surveillance, was undertaken. A total of 230 outbreaks of FMD at sub-district level were recorded in 299 villages located in 19 out of the 20 districts in the country. There were no significant differences between the years (P = 0.998) or months (P = 0.989) on the incidence of FMD. The sub-districts in the north (altitude >1,000 m above mean sea level) had significantly (P = 0.008) higher incidences of outbreaks in winter than in summer. The sub-districts that shared border with India had significantly more outbreaks than those that didn't (P = 0.001). Cattle were the most predominant species affected being involved in all of the outbreaks reported. Serotype O, which constituted 70.6% of the outbreaks typed was the most predominant serotype prevalent in Bhutan followed by A (16.7%), Asia 1 (8.8%), and C (3.9%). Cattle density was significantly positively correlated (P = 0.023) with the incidence of disease. Three waves of outbreaks of epidemic proportions were reported in 1997/1998, 2002/2003, and 2007/2008 due to the PanAsia strain of the O serotype. The study highlights the incursion of the PanAsia strain of the O serotype into the country, possibly, through the transboundary movement of animals and the need for active surveillance of FMD, especially at the border areas. The study also highlights the significance of the O serotype and cattle as the main indicator species in the epidemiology of FMD in Bhutan. The findings from this study can be used as baseline epidemiological data for further research to understand the epidemiology of FMD in Bhutan.

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Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007

Ramanoon

Robertson

Edwards

et al. 2012

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This is a retrospective study of the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Peninsular Malaysia between 2001 and May 2007. In total, 270 outbreaks of FMD were recorded. Serotype O virus (89.95 %) and serotype A (7.7 %) had caused the outbreaks. Significant differences on the occurrence of FMD were found between the years (t = 5.73, P = 0.000, df = 11), months (t = 4.7, P = 0.000, df = 11), monsoon season (t = 2.63, P = 0.025, df = 10) and states (t = 4.84, P = 0.001, df = 10). A peak of outbreaks observed in 2003 could be due to increased animal movement and the other peak in 2006 could be due to a compromised FMD control activities due to activities on the eradication of highly pathogenic avian influenza. Cattle (86 % of outbreaks) suffered the most. However, no difference in disease occurrence between species was observed. The populations of cattle (r = 0.672, P = 0.023) and sheep (r = 0.678, P = 0.022) were significantly correlated with occurrence of FMD. Movement of animals (66 % of outbreaks) was the main source for outbreaks. A combination of control measures were implemented during outbreaks. In conclusion, the findings of this study show that FMD is endemic in Peninsular Malaysia, and information gained could be used to improve the existing control strategy.

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Studies of the Outbreaks of Foot and Mouth Disease in Uttar Pradesh, India, Between 2000 and 2006

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Single-Cell Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Single-Cell Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

A retrospective study on the epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease in Bhutan

Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007

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