Studies of Niacin Requirement in Man

Goldsmith, Grace A.; Gibbens, Janis; Unglaub, Walter G.; Miller, O. Neal

doi:10.1093/ajcn/4.2.151

Cited by 31 publications

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References 7 publications

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“…In the present study, the mice fed 10 mg/kg nicotinic acid diets showed especially lower small intestine total nicotinamide levels, and thus niacin status in the small intestine was most vulnerable by niacin insufficiency. Experimental human studies showed that one of typical clinical symptoms of niacin deficiency was diarrhea together with dermatitis and depression (27,28). The niacin deficiency QPRT 2/2 mice show histological difference only in the small intestine, and the inner circular layer of smooth muscle cells are disappeared (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Model Mice to Evaluate Low Niacin Nutritional Status

MIZUTANI,

SATO,

FUJIGAKI

et al. 2023

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Niacin is involved in many biological reactions relating energy metabolism, redox reactions, DNA repair and longevity, and low NAD levels with aging and feeding high fat diets develop and progress age-related diseases. Although recent findings suggest the requirement of niacin insufficient animal model to further study, appropriate animal models have not been established yet because niacin is biosynthesized from tryptophan via tryptophan-nicotinamide pathway. To establish model mice to evaluate niacin nutritional status, we used kynurenine 3-monooxygenase knock out (KMO 2/2 ) mice which lack NAD biosynthesis pathway from tryptophan. To determine the niacin requirement and assess niacin nutritional markers, 4 wk old KMO 2/2 mice were fed 2-30 mg/kg nicotinic acid containing diets for 28 d. More than 4 mg/kg but not less than 3 mg/kg nicotinic acid containing diets induced maximum growth, and niacin nutritional markers in the blood, liver and urine increased with increase of dietary nicotinic acid. These results showed that several niacin nutritional markers reflect niacin nutritional status, niacin nutritional status can be controlled by dietary nicotinic acid, and niacin requirement for maximum growth is 4 mg/kg nicotinic acid diets in the KMO 2/2 mice. This animal model useful to investigate pathophysiology and mechanism of niacin deficiency, clarify the relationships between niacin nutritional status and age-related and lifestyle diseases, and evaluate factors affecting niacin nutritional status.

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