STUDIES OF AEDES TRISERIATUS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) OVIPOSITION ATTRACTANTS. EVIDENCE FOR ATTRACTANT PRODUCTION BY KAOLIN-TREATED LARVAE

Abstract

Can. Ent. 11 1: 1395Ent. 11 1: -1407Ent. 11 1: (1979 The biology of the crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), was studied in the laboratory, and under field conditions in southwestern Ontario. Field-collected adults, held in a state of induced hibernation were used for some laboratory studies. A rearing procedure was developed and a culture maintained for eight generations provided additional adults for laboratory work. Development and behaviour of the various crucifer flea beetle stages at different temperatures were studied. The mean preoviposition period ranged from 3.8 (32°C) to 22 (20°C) days. 'Time required for development from egg to adult varied from 24 (30°C) to 54 (20°C) days. For oviposition capability and egg to adult development, developmental thresholds were ca. 17" and 1l0C, respectively, and 61 and 456 degree days were required. Crucifer flea beetle adults overwintered in leaf litter and the top 2.5 cm of soil, in windbreaks, fencerows, and cultivated areas. Adults appeared in early spring. Peak adult movement occurred at this time, primarily within 2 m of the ground, and oriented toward crucifer plots. Using heat unit summations calculated from soil temperatures, adult emergence in the field from eggs set out at various times was predicted with an accuracy of 2 3 . 7 days. Population studies and heat unit accumulations indicated that there was a single generation of crucifer flea beetle in 1974, and two generations in 1975. Adults were restricted primarily to cruciferous crops, with rutabaga and Chinese cabbage being the preferred hosts, among those varieties tested.

A seasonal shift in egg‐laying behaviour in response to cues of future competition in a treehole mosquito

“…We removed particles by filtering treehole water through a mesh (0·5 mm), and autoclaved the liquid in hopes of destroying larval‐produced attractants, which appear to lose activity when heated (Bentley et al . 1976; McDaniel et al . 1979).…”

Sampling the Egg Population

“…This observation needs further evaluation, but it seems unlikely that snail contaminated water will prove more attractive then water containing yeast, oats, leaf litter and other debris that are more usually placed in ovitraps. Other examples of experiments to demonstrate oviposition attractants or stimulants include those on Aedes aegypti (Benzon & Apperson, 1988;Roberts & Hsi, 1977;Soman & Reuben, 1970), Aedes triseriatus (McDaniel et al, 1979), Aedes togoi (Trimble & Wellington, 1980), Aedes atropalpus (Kalpage & Brust, 1973;Maire, 1984Maire, , 1985Roberts & Hsi, 1977), Aedes communis (Maire & Langis, 1985) and Culex tarsalis (Hudson & McLintock, 1967;Osgood, 1971). Knight & Corbet (1991) give useful references to studies that have identified various chemicals as oviposition attractants.…”

The Effect of Host Density on the Success of Commensalistic Epoicocladius flavens (Chironomidae) in Utilizing Streamliving Ephemera danica (Ephemeroptera)

“…However, the observed overall distribution does not allow any conclusions as to the searching behaviour of, in this case, the adult female or the newly hatched larvae (Pielou 1978). Reasonably, the ability of an egg-laying female to detect aggregates of hosts must be limited, because the value of volatile oviposition attractants as has been found for example in Aedes (McDaniel et al 1979) must be insignificant in running waters, where the current effectively carries odours away. Reasonably, the ability of an egg-laying female to detect aggregates of hosts must be limited, because the value of volatile oviposition attractants as has been found for example in Aedes (McDaniel et al 1979) must be insignificant in running waters, where the current effectively carries odours away.…”