Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Asian longhorned beetle) was found attacking street trees in New York City and Chicago in the 1990s, after its accidental introduction from East Asia, and is currently the subject of a major eradication campaign by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The borer has been a destructive outbreak pest in poplar plantations in China for over 20 yr, but it has been collected only rarely in nearby South Korea. To learn more about the species in natural forest stands, we surveyed nine montane locations across South Korea in 2000 and 2001. The primary hosts of Korean A. glabripennis are Acer mono and A. truncatum, which grow in riparian habitats and rocky ravines. We surveyed two locations in Mt. Sorak National Park intensively, mapping all host trees. Less than 10% of the trees at each site exhibited evidence of beetle damage, and few adult beetles were observed. We hypothesize that the varying dynamics of A. glabripennis populations across its geographical range may be explained by considering it as an "edge specialist," which evolved in riparian habitats.KEY WORDS Anoplophora glabripennis, Asian longhorned beetle, Acer mono, invasive species, South Korea a Total cross-sectional area of stems at breast height. b Many Acer trees had multiple stems growing from their bases.

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Climate change induces an alteration in the life cycle of many poikilothermic organisms, resulting in changes in the structure and function of communities. Changes in voltinism in the pine moth Dendrolimus spectabilis (Butler), which is known to be univoltine in South Korea, were studied to elucidate the effects of climate change on their voltinism. The developmental stages of the pine moth were evaluated through field surveys, and the developmental rate was estimated at five different temperatures: 17, 20, 25, 28, and 32°C. Field surveys showed that the moths completed two generations per year, indicating that the phenology of the pine moth in this area had changed from univoltinism to bivoltinism. Laboratory experiments showed that increasing the temperature could induce a change in voltinism in the pine moth population. Generations of the bivoltine population displayed phenotypic plasticity: the fitness of the first generation was greater than that of the second generation with regard to size and fecundity. The difference in fitness between the first and second generations could be due to the influence of factors such as low food quality and heat stress on the second generation. Therefore, changes in thermal conditions due to climate change have offered this species the chance to develop a bivoltine population, but they have also exerted ecological costs, especially for the second generation of the pine moth.

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