Studies of dreaming.

Ramsey, Glenn V.

doi:10.1037/h0062305

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Likewise, visual and auditory hallucinatory phenomena and mnestic phenomena, including those of the sexual type, have been elicited. These hallucinatory, mnestic, and vegetative phenomena have also been described during REM sleep (14,(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58). In addition, electrical stimulation of the amygdala, hippocampus, and cingulate gyrus of man evokes the sensation of dreaming (24,26,28,59,60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phasic Activity of the Basolateral Amygdala, Cingulate Gyrus, and Hippocampus During REM Sleep in the Cat

Calvo

Fernández-Guardiola

1984

Sleep

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Summary: We analyzed the electrical activity of the basolateral amygdala (BLA), anterior and posterior regions of the cingulate gyrus (A-CG and P-CG) , the dorsal hippocampus (DH) , the anterior ventral thalamic nucleus (AVTN), and the sensory motor cortex during the rapid eye movements and ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) activity of REM sleep in cats in chronic preparation. Polygraphic recordings and computational peri event averages using the phasic contractions of the lateral rectus muscle (LR) of the eyeball as the triggering signal of the analysis were performed. We observed biphasic potentials (200--300 ms) of variable amplitude, related to the phasic phenomena of REM sleep, in the BLA, A-CG, P-CG, DH, and AVTN. The latencies of the potentials of these regions were always greater than those of the geniculate PGO activities. We propose that the recorded limbic potentials resulted from propagation of PGO activity and that this phenomenon may reflect the limbic structure of the hallucinatory, vegetative, and emotional components of REM sleep. Key Words: Sleep--Amygdala-Hippocampus-Gyrus cinguli-REM sleep--Ponto-geniculo-occipital activity.Jouvet and Michel (1) demonstrated the existence of monophasic spikes in cats at the level of the pons during REM sleep. This electrical activity is propagated from the pontine region (2,3) to the cortical and subcortical structures of the visual system (4--6). Jeannerod et al. (7) were the first to call the phenomenon ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) activity. Ponto-geniculo-occipital activity has been studied thoroughly in the oculomotor system (8-12).In man emotional changes, mnestic phenomena of a personal and conceptual type and vegetative changes accompany the rapid eye movements of REM sleep. Jouvet et al. (13), Snyder et al. (14), Baust and Bohenert (15), Welch and Richardson (16), and FernandezGuardiola et al. (17) have described variations in the frequency of both cardiac and respiratory rates related to rapid eye movements.The functions related to emotional and vegetative changes are integrated in the limbic system and in the hypothalamus. Electrical stimulation of these structures elicits emotional

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phasic Activity of the Basolateral Amygdala, Cingulate Gyrus, and Hippocampus During REM Sleep in the Cat

Calvo

Fernández-Guardiola

1984

Sleep

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“…Since colour is such an important attribute of normal human visual perception it is of considerable interest to inquire whether colour experienced in visual dreams resembles that in the normal waking state. The few references to colours in dreams do not give a very clear idea of the range of colours experienced (Calef, 1954;Linn, 1954;Ramsey, 1953). It was therefore decided to attempt to explore the actual gamut of colours experienced and to assess the proportion of dreams which contained colour.…”

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confidence: 99%

Colours Experienced in Dreams

Padgham

1975

British J of Psychology

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Colours seen in dreams by six observers were recorded from memory and plotted on a CIE u, v, chromaticity diagram. Only about half the dreams recorded contained colour, and in those in which colour appeared the more saturated purples, blues and blue greens were absent. It is suggested that during achromatic dreams the areas of the visual cortex which seem to respond only to colour may be inoperative. The paucity of blue in dreams could be anatomically related to the small population of blue units in the colour areas of the cortex.

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“…In pre‐school children (aged 3 to 5 years) Foulkes, Swanson and Larson (7) obtained recall during 44 per cent of REM‐period awakenings, and in a small sample of 2‐year‐olds Kohler, Coddington and Agnew (8) found 30 per cent dream recall. When the present work was initiated there were no studies with the REM technique on the dream recall of the aged, although several studies had been made of the dreams of the aged, based on daytime reports (9–13). For instance, Ramsey (9) in reviewing the literature noted that Manaceine in 1897 and Heerwagen in 1888 found that young adults dream more frequently than the aged.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…When the present work was initiated there were no studies with the REM technique on the dream recall of the aged, although several studies had been made of the dreams of the aged, based on daytime reports (9–13). For instance, Ramsey (9) in reviewing the literature noted that Manaceine in 1897 and Heerwagen in 1888 found that young adults dream more frequently than the aged. More recently Barad et al (10) and Altshuler et al (11) found that the dreams of the elderly were often concerned with loss of resources and increased frustrations.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ramsey (9), in his timely review which summarized the pre‐REM literature on dreams, noted that the relationship of intelligence to frequency of dreaming has received only slight attention. Citing some contradictory findings, Ramsey nevertheless remarked, “the dream life of individuals should reflect the range, richness, and variety of mental activities which are associated with the higher levels of intellectual capacity.” Only a few studies have concerned themselves with this issue since the review of Ramsey.…”

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Dream Recall in the Normal Aged*

Kahn

Fisher

Lieberman

1969

J American Geriatrics Society

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Recall from REM‐period awakenings was studied in the elderly. Twenty‐seven subjects (age range, 66 to 87 years) each slept one or two nights at the laboratory. From 166 REM awakenings there were 92 (55.4 per cent) instances of recall of dream content. This 55.4 per cent recall was significantly lower than the 87 per cent we previously found for the young adult. There was a tendency for women to have more frequent recall than men. REM dreams in the elderly were not manifestly concerned with loss or frustration. A small, nonsignificant positive correlation was found between the amount of recall and verbal intelligence.

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Studies of dreaming.

Cited by 43 publications

References 69 publications

Phasic Activity of the Basolateral Amygdala, Cingulate Gyrus, and Hippocampus During REM Sleep in the Cat

Phasic Activity of the Basolateral Amygdala, Cingulate Gyrus, and Hippocampus During REM Sleep in the Cat

Colours Experienced in Dreams

Dream Recall in the Normal Aged*

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