Studies of a series of haloaluminum, -gallium, and -indium phthalocyanines

Linsky, John P.; Paul, Thomas; Nohr, Ronald S.; Kenney, Malcolm E.

doi:10.1021/ic50212a061

Cited by 148 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…[15][16][17] Through anecdotal observations and by using powder Xray diffraction Linsky et al asserted that similar to F-GaPc, F-AlPc has a unique solid-state arrangement where the AlPc fragments are vertically aligned in a unique linear stack with a distance of 3.66Å between AlPcs fragments with the fluorine/fluoride atom equally spaced and interdigitated between the AlPc fragments (Figure 1). [15][16][17] Through anecdotal observations and by using powder Xray diffraction Linsky et al asserted that similar to F-GaPc, F-AlPc has a unique solid-state arrangement where the AlPc fragments are vertically aligned in a unique linear stack with a distance of 3.66Å between AlPcs fragments with the fluorine/fluoride atom equally spaced and interdigitated between the AlPc fragments (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From chloro to fluoro, expanding the role of aluminum phthalocyanine in organic photovoltaic devices

et al. 2015

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ARTICLE This journal isFluoro aluminum phthalocyanine (F-AlPc) was synthesized by simply heating a DMSO solution of chloro aluminum phthalocyanine (Cl-AlPc) in the presence of CsF, KF or NaF for less than an hour. The resulting F-AlPc has a significant blue shift in the absorbance of ≈ 8 nm in solution and ≈ 130 nm in a solid film compared to Cl-AlPc. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) identified a change in work function and E HOMO of as much as 1 eV between Cl-AlPc and F-AlPc. Our observed change in UPS data, solid-state absorbance and sublimation temperature for F-AlPc further confirms the stacked fluorine bridge solid-state structure for F-AlPc previously described by Kenney et al. Preliminary planar heterojunction (PHJ) organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices were then fabricated using F-AlPc as an electron donating material paired with C 60 and a ternary device including a Cl-AlPc interlayer. Additionally an all AlPc device where F-AlPc functioned as the electron donor and Cl-AlPc as the electron acceptor was fabricated. The EQE plots of the resulting PHJ OPV devices illustrate that an exciton-rectifying layer is present between the Cl-AlPc and F-AlPc layers in the ternary devices as well as the all AlPc device. These results further exemplify that the seemingly minor change from chloride to fluoride in the AlPc structure has significant implications in optoelectronic properties and functionality of AlPc in PHJ OPV devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,28 In this paper we also illustrate a more straightforward and safer synthetic technique for acquiring F-AlPc along with more extensive physical characterization than currently available in the literature. Following the hydrolysis the substitution of the hydroxyl group with a fluorine group was affected using hydrofluoric acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From chloro to fluoro, expanding the role of aluminum phthalocyanine in organic photovoltaic devices

et al. 2015

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“…Iodine doped metal-free phthalocyanine polymer (3a) showed characteristic phthalocyanine absorptions [25,26] in its IR spectrum. As iodine doping increased, the IR peaks broadened were finally obscured due to the superposition of electronic excitation absorption [27,28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel phthalocyanine polymers with very flexible pentathiatetraethylene units

Bílgín¹,

Mendi²,

Yıldız³

2006

Polymer

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“…Logically, this carrier cannot be toxic and, furthermore, should provide different lability for NO in different states of oxidation or excitation. As AlPc is easy to synthesize [59] and presents low toxicity it could, in principle, be used for this purpose. The calculation results presented in Table 1 show that the Al-NO bond length is 0.27Å greater in the oxidized state than in the reduced state.…”

Section: [(No)alpc] + and [(No)alpc] 0 Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%