Studies of a novel agent possessing resistance to moist heat and disinfectants: parallels with Creutzfeldt-Jakob agent

Dyas, A.; Burdon, D. W.

doi:10.1016/0195-6701(90)90034-l

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Moreover, precipitates can be broken into smaller size particles which can serve as nuclei for the generation of new aggregates. The nucleation phenomenon was described by Burdon et al as being inhibited by various physicochemical treatments in a way that compares to inhibition of prion propagation [16], [18] (Data S1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…With this perspective, we were interested to study a model described by Burdon et al . because it appears to share some similarities to prion agents since the, yet unidentified, “agent” forms self-propagating precipitates under well defined conditions [16], [18]. Moreover, precipitates can be broken into smaller size particles which can serve as nuclei for the generation of new aggregates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, we set out to find a novel and simple replacement assay for the currently used complex, time intensive and expensive in vivo and in vitro assays to evaluate the therapeutic and decontamination efficacy against transmissible misfolded proteins (prion diseases). We investigated a “replicating agent”, described in the 1980s, and termed ”Ileal Fluid Dependent Organism” (IFDO) which, interestingly, presented susceptibility to inactivation treatments comparable to prions: resistant to steam and aldehydes but inactivated by guanidine thiocyanate and sodium hydroxide [16], [17], [18], [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Way to Grow Hemozoin-Like Crystals In Vitro and Its Use to Screen for Hemozoin Inhibiting Antimalarial Compounds

Thomas¹,

Góis

Ritts³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundHemozoin crystals are normally formed in vivo by Plasmodium parasites to detoxify free heme released after hemoglobin digestion during its intraerythrocytic stage. Inhibition of hemozoin formation by various drugs results in free heme concentration toxic for the parasites. As a consequence, in vitro assays have been developed to screen and select candidate antimalarial drugs based on their capacity to inhibit hemozoin formation. In this report we describe new ways to form hemozoin-like crystals that were incidentally discovered during research in the field of prion inactivation.MethodsWe investigated the use of a new assay based on naturally occurring “self-replicating” particles and previously described as presenting resistance to decontamination comparable to prions. The nature of these particles was determined using electron microscopy, Maldi-Tof analysis and X-ray diffraction. They were compared to synthetic hemozoin and to hemozoin obtained from Plasmodium falciparum. We then used the assay to evaluate the capacity of various antimalarial and anti-prion compounds to inhibit “self-replication” (crystallisation) of these particles.ResultsWe identified these particles as being similar to ferriprotoporphyrin IX crystal and confirmed the ability of these particles to serve as nuclei for growth of new hemozoin-like crystals (HLC). HLC are morphologically similar to natural and synthetic hemozoin. Growth of HLC in a simple assay format confirmed inhibition by quinolines antimalarials at potencies described in the literature. Interestingly, artemisinins and tetracyclines also seemed to inhibit HLC growth.ConclusionsThe described HLC assay is simple and easy to perform and may have the potential to be used as an additional tool to screen antimalarial drugs for their hemozoin inhibiting activity. As already described by others, drugs that inhibit hemozoin crystal formation have also the potential to inhibit misfolded proteins assemblies formation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Way to Grow Hemozoin-Like Crystals In Vitro and Its Use to Screen for Hemozoin Inhibiting Antimalarial Compounds

Thomas¹,

Góis

Ritts³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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“…An interesting finding is that disinfection with hypochlorite (500 ppm available chlorine) is reported to be effective for inactivating the prion that causes Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (30). Although we have not yet confirmed this finding, it would be worth examining whether treatment with electrolyzed anode NaCl solutions is useful for the prevention of bovine spongiform encephalopathy.…”

Section: Inactivation Of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin a (Sea) Withmentioning

confidence: 82%

Inactivation of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-A with an Electrolyzed Anodic Solution

Suzuki

Itakura

Watanabe

et al. 2001

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Electrolyzed anodic NaCl solutions [EW+], prepared by the electrolysis of 0.1% NaCl, have been shown to instantly inactivate most pathogens that cause food-borne disease. Elimination of food-borne pathogens does not necessarily guarantee food safety because enterotoxins produced by pathogens may remain active. We have tested whether EW+ can inactivate Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), one of the major enterotoxins responsible for food poisoning. Fixed quantities of SEA were mixed with increasing molar ratios of EW+, and SEA was evaluated by reversed-phase passive latex agglutination (RPLA) test, immunoassay, native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and amino acid analysis after 30 min incubations. Exposure of 70 ng, or 2.6 pmol, of SEA in 25 microL of PBS to a 10-fold volume of EW+, or ca. 64.6 x 10(3)-fold molar excess of HOCl in EW+, caused a loss of immuno-reactivity between SEA and a specific anti-SEA antibody. Native PAGE indicated that EW+ caused fragmentation of SEA, and amino acid analysis indicated a loss in amino acid content, in particular Met, Tyr, Ile, Asn, and Asp. Staphylococcal enterotoxin-A excreted into culture broth was also inactivated by exposure to an excess molar ratio of EW+. Thus, EW+ may be a useful management tool to ensure food hygiene by food processing industries.

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Does variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease have an Achilles heel?

Burdon

1999

The Lancet

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Studies of a novel agent possessing resistance to moist heat and disinfectants: parallels with Creutzfeldt-Jakob agent

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

A Novel Way to Grow Hemozoin-Like Crystals In Vitro and Its Use to Screen for Hemozoin Inhibiting Antimalarial Compounds

A Novel Way to Grow Hemozoin-Like Crystals In Vitro and Its Use to Screen for Hemozoin Inhibiting Antimalarial Compounds

Inactivation of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-A with an Electrolyzed Anodic Solution

Does variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease have an Achilles heel?

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