Studies in Physiological Analysis of Yield. II. Further Observations on Varietal Differences in Photosynthesis in the Leaf, Stem and Ear of Wheat

Asana, R. D.; Mani, Veena

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1955.tb08955.x

Cited by 27 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Heading and anthesis are two critical growing stages because an appropriate heading and flowering time will help cultivars maximize their yield potential [62]. As most of the carbohydrates for grain filling are formed after heading [63], a larger leaf area is positively correlated with GY, determining the future number of grains and their weight [64,65]. Derived from the RGB images, the GA and GGA indexes are reliable estimations of the crop coverage of the soil, because they represent the percentage of green pixel values per plot [29,66].…”

Section: Ability Of the Remote Sensing Measurements To Assess Genotypmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV and Ground Image-Based Phenotyping: A Proof of Concept with Durum Wheat

et al. 2019

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Climate change is one of the primary culprits behind the restraint in the increase of cereal crop yields. In order to address its effects, effort has been focused on understanding the interaction between genotypic performance and the environment. Recent advances in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have enabled the assembly of imaging sensors into precision aerial phenotyping platforms, so that a large number of plots can be screened effectively and rapidly. However, ground evaluations may still be an alternative in terms of cost and resolution. We compared the performance of red-green-blue (RGB), multispectral, and thermal data of individual plots captured from the ground and taken from a UAV, to assess genotypic differences in yield. Our results showed that crop vigor, together with the quantity and duration of green biomass that contributed to grain filling, were critical phenotypic traits for the selection of germplasm that is better adapted to present and future Mediterranean conditions. In this sense, the use of RGB images is presented as a powerful and low-cost approach for assessing crop performance. For example, broad sense heritability for some RGB indices was clearly higher than that of grain yield in the support irrigation (four times), rainfed (by 50%), and late planting (10%). Moreover, there wasn't any significant effect from platform proximity (distance between the sensor and crop canopy) on the vegetation indexes, and both ground and aerial measurements performed similarly in assessing yield.2 of 25 principal goal for breeders. Durum wheat is, by extension, the main cereal cultivated on the southern and eastern shores of the Mediterranean Basin and one of the main cereals in southern Europe [4].Yield is a phenotypically complicated trait, not only because of its genetic complexity [5], but also due to the relative magnitude of gene-environment interactions [6,7], and it is one of the most integrative traits influenced by known and unknown factors. Thus, genotype evaluations in multi-environment trials are needed, at least in the advanced (generations) stages of selection. However, the major point at issue is that high-throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP) may still represent a bottleneck in breeding programs [7], owing to the need to increase the accuracy, precision, and throughput of the methodologies used, while reducing costs and minimizing labor [8,9]. Furthermore, HTPP approaches should allow multi-temporal trait-specific measurements to evaluate the yield components at different phenological moments.Nowadays, and almost by definition, HTPP implies the use of non-invasive remote sensing approaches of different nature [5,10], given the possibility of screening larger populations faster than conventional phenotyping procedures. Moreover, recent progress and advances in the technology of aeronautics and sensors have allowed the adoption of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms, capable of precisely screening hundreds of plots in a short period of time [7,11]. Further benefits of the simultaneous c...

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Section: Ability Of the Remote Sensing Measurements To Assess Genotypmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV and Ground Image-Based Phenotyping: A Proof of Concept with Durum Wheat

et al. 2019

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“…Thorne (1966) cited numerous studies that found that the ßag leaf contributed as much as 60% of the grain yield, whereas leaves below the ßag leaf contributed only a modest portion of the yield. Other authors have observed a 12Ð18% yield contribution from the F -1 (Þrst stem leaf below the ßag leaf) and F -2 (second stem leaf below the ßag leaf) stem leaves (Boonstra 1929, Smith 1933, Asana and Mani 1955, Watson et al 1958, Enyi 1962, Rao et al 1989.…”

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confidence: 96%

Relationship Between Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Egg and Fourth-Instar Populations and Impact of Fourth-Instar Defoliation of Winter Wheat Yields in North Carolina and Virginia

Ihrig¹,

Herbert²,

Duyn³

et al. 2001

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Cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.), has become a serious pest of small grains in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Existing thresholds for implementing control measures allowed too much leaf damage and consequent yield loss to occur before recommending treatment. Information on beetle biology and crop response to injury, both prerequisites for developing new management strategies, was lacking for this region. A 3-yr project was initiated to generate an area wide cereal leaf beetle biological and yield impact database for winter wheat, and to evaluate the injury and yield loss potential of different population densities. Over the study period, beetle populations were evaluated at 26 winter wheat field locations in Virginia and North Carolina. Eggs and larvae, classified to instar, were counted twice each week from February to June. Replicated insecticide versus noninsecticide treatments were conducted at each location where leaf defoliation and yield were documented. Results showed that the relationship between 50th percentile egg and fourth-instar population estimates were in strong agreement (y = 0.36x - 0.01; r2 = 0.79). Potentially detrimental larval infestations were forecast before appearance of foliage injury from egg populations present during the stem elongation to flag leaf emergence developmental stages. A significant positive linear relationship between total fourth instar per stem population estimates and percent flag leaf defoliation was detected (y = 20.29x + 1.34; r2 = 0.60). A weaker but still significant relationship between the total fourth-instar population estimates and percent yield loss was found (y = 11.74x + 6.51; r2 = 0.26), indicating that factors in addition to flag leaf injury, primarily by fourth instars, also contributed to reduced yields.

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“…The contribution of the various green organs in the wheat plant in ear filling for many years has been a subject of study for several workers. In these studies different methods were applied, among others, shading or slipping some parts of the culm (Boonstra, 1929;Asana and Mani, 1955;Birecka, 1968;Puckridge, 1968) and measuring the rate of photosynthesis and distribution of the assimilates with 14 COa (Birecka et al, 1963;Stoy, 1963;Carr and Wardlaw, 1965;Lupton, 1968;Rawson and Hofstra, 1969). These studies, especially the more recent ones, show that the carbohydrates in the grain are mainly provided by the flag leaf and the peduncle (including leaf sheath) and to a less extent by the ear, and the last leaf and internode, but one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between green area duration and grain yield in some varieties of spring wheat.

Spiertz¹,

Hag²,

Kupers³

1971

NJAS

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Spring wheat cv. Opal, Orca and Gaby, sown in 1967-8 on various dates at different seed rates or with different levels of N and chlormequat, were assessed for green area of leaves, internodes and ears. Green-area duration (D) for flag leaf and for peduncle were closely correlated with grain yield, the combined value for the 2 parameters accounting for 81 and 61% of the variance in grain yield in the 2 years, respectively. Including all the values of D in a multiple correlation increased the predictive value to 83 and 74%. D for ears was closely correlated with grain yield in 1968 only. The grain: leaf ratio was higher for Gaby than for the other 2 cv. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Studies in Physiological Analysis of Yield. II. Further Observations on Varietal Differences in Photosynthesis in the Leaf, Stem and Ear of Wheat

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

UAV and Ground Image-Based Phenotyping: A Proof of Concept with Durum Wheat

UAV and Ground Image-Based Phenotyping: A Proof of Concept with Durum Wheat

Relationship Between Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Egg and Fourth-Instar Populations and Impact of Fourth-Instar Defoliation of Winter Wheat Yields in North Carolina and Virginia

Relation between green area duration and grain yield in some varieties of spring wheat.

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