Studies in carotenogenesis. 1. General conditions governing β-carotene synthesis by the fungus <i>Phycomyces blakesleeanus</i> Burgeff

Garton, G. A.; Goodwin, T. W.; Lijinsky, W.

doi:10.1042/bj0480154

Cited by 117 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A spore suspension added to the medium to a final concentration of 5 Â 10 5 -10 6 spores ml À1 was used as the inoculum (counted in a Goryaev's chamber). The fungi were grown in submerged culture in 250 ml flasks with 50 ml Goodwin medium (Garton et al, 1951) on an electromagnetic shaker at 150 r.p.m. at the optimum temperature (41-43 С) (control variant) for 22-24 h (the trophophase).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock response of thermophilic fungi: membrane lipids and soluble carbohydrates under elevated temperatures

et al. 2016

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The heat shock (HS) response is an adaptation of organisms to elevated temperature. It includes substantial changes in the composition of cellular membranes, proteins and soluble carbohydrates. To protect the cellular macromolecules, thermophilic organisms have evolved mechanisms of persistent thermotolerance. Many of those mechanisms are common for thermotolerance and the HS response. However, it remains unknown whether thermophilic species respond to HS by further elevating concentrations of protective components. We investigated the composition of the soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids of the thermophilic fungi Rhizomucor tauricus and Myceliophthora thermophilaat optimum temperature conditions (41-43 С), and under HS (51-53 С). At optimum temperatures, the membrane lipid composition was characterized by a high proportion of phosphatidic acids (PA) (20-35 % of the total), which were the main components of the membrane lipids, together with phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) and sterols (St). In response to HS, the proportion of PA and St increased, and the amount of PC and PE decreased. No decrease in the degree of fatty acid desaturation in the major phospholipids under HS was detected. The mycelium of all fungi at optimum temperatures contained high levels of trehalose (8-10 %, w/w; 60-95 % of the total carbohydrates), which is a hallmark of thermophilia. In contrast to mesophilic fungi, heat exposure decreased the trehalose level and the fungi did not acquire thermotolerance to lethal HS, indicating that trehalose plays a key role in this process. This pattern of changes appears to be conserved in the studied filamentous thermophilic fungi.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock response of thermophilic fungi: membrane lipids and soluble carbohydrates under elevated temperatures

et al. 2016

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“…The condensation of two molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate is the first specific reaction of sterol biosynthesis, and the condensation of two molecules of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, that of the carotenes [1]. In the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus [2], ergosterol is the main sterol [3] and ,8-carotene the main carotene [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accumulation of d-carotene by wild-type Phycomyces is considerably increased by blue light [5,6] and by many chemicals, including dimethyl phthalate [7,8]. The car mutants differ from the wild-type in their carotene content [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independence of the carotene and sterol pathways of Phycomyces

Bejarano

Cerdá‐Olmedo

1992

FEBS Letters

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Light, chemicals, and mutations that affect the carotene content of the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus had practically no effect on tile ergosterol content. Lovastatin, a specific inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, blocked growth at 1 ,aM; sodium DL-mevalonate (10 raM) fully reversed this inhibition. In the presence of [~4C]mevalonate, a cars mutant accumulated 16 times more d-carotene than the wild.type with a specific radioactivity five times lower. The specific radioactivity of ergosterol was different from that of,a-carotene, even when calculated in terms of the constituent isoprene units, and unaffected by the cars mutation. The carotene and sterol pathways of l°/lycotllyces are independently regulated and physically separated in different subeellular compartments.

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(4,10). Kinetic analyses have likewise pointed to the possibility that adaptation of the growth rate involves relatively large changes in metabolic pool levels (3, 7).

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confidence: 99%

Crystalloids of Phycomyces Sporangiophores: Nature and Photosensitive Accumulation

Thornton¹

1969

Plant Physiol.

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(4,10). Kinetic analyses have likewise pointed to the possibility that adaptation of the growth rate involves relatively large changes in metabolic pool levels (3, 7). Thus it seems that a study of constitutional changes in response to light may yXield insights into the still elusive earlx steps in the photores-ponses of this fungus. Toward that end, the present report descrilbes light-induced changes in the accumulation of crv-stalloids in the sporangiophore.The occurrence of octahedral cry-stalloids in the sl)orangiophores of mucoraceous fungi has been kinowni since 1872 (12,18). The crystalloids of P. blakeslceanus have been found by electron microscopic examination to consist of approximately isodiamiietric subunits in a cubic space lattice with spacings in the vicinity of 120A (18, 23). In the same studies, crystalloids were found in s,porangiophores that were as small as 1 % of the terminal size, but not in vegetative hyphae or storage vesicles.

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Studies in carotenogenesis. 1. General conditions governing β-carotene synthesis by the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus Burgeff

Cited by 117 publications

References 3 publications

Heat shock response of thermophilic fungi: membrane lipids and soluble carbohydrates under elevated temperatures

Heat shock response of thermophilic fungi: membrane lipids and soluble carbohydrates under elevated temperatures

Independence of the carotene and sterol pathways of Phycomyces

Crystalloids of Phycomyces Sporangiophores: Nature and Photosensitive Accumulation

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